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Buddhist Dictionary of Sanskrit - Tibetan - Chinese - Japanese - Vietnamese - Korean - Pali - English Buddhism Terms
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Additional Reference Material for Entries:
The reference material for each entry includes the following sections:
CH lists one or more Chinese equivalents, giving the romanization in pinyin followed by the characters.
SKT lists one or more Sanskrit equivalents.
PALI lists one or more Pali equivalents.
REF References to the topic which can be found in Buddhist Text Translation Society publications.
NOTES:
While general terms in English are often given in the plural, e.g. demons, they are sometimes expressed in Sanskrit or Pali using the singular or stem form. Some Sanskrit and Pali plurals are cited in stem form and others are not.
Not every Sanskrit, Pali, or Chinese citation is the exact equivalent of the English term, but is given with the intention of providing the closest relevant term in those languages.
A
SKT vihārasvāmin
PALI abbidhamma
CH a mi to fo 阿彌陀] ([[佛) (Jap. 'amida')
SKT amitābha (amitāyus)
REF AS 10-11, 20; UW 28-29, 131-135,215-217; SM IV 53; SM V 10-11.
CH (fo shuo) a mi to jing (佛說) 阿彌陀][[經
- sukhāvatī-vyūhasūtra
REF AS.
SKT ānanda
PALI ānanda
REF FAS-PI (S[[eventh]] Door, ms.); AS 91-92; SS I 24-26; DFS II 124; DFS VIII 1500-1510.
Anuttara-Samyak-Saṃbodhi 阿耨多羅三藐三菩提
CH a nou duo luo san miao san pu ti 阿耨多羅三藐三菩提, wu shang zheng deng zheng jue 無上正等正覺
REF FAS Ch16, 22; DFS IV 519; DFS VII 1305.
PALI arahat
REF DFS VII 1371-2, 1449-50; DFS X 52; TT 47; EDR II 57-58; FAS Ch16 28-31; SS I 107-109; AS 66; VBS
- 196 4-5.
Asaṅga (Bodhisattva) 無著 (菩薩)
SKT asaṅga
PALI asankheyya
REF TD 42-44; SS IV 239-242, V 135, VII 239-243; TT 47, 57-58; VBS (May 1970) 34-37.
SKT abhiniveśa
PALI abhinivesa
Avalokiteśvara (Bodhisattva) 觀世音 (菩薩)
CH guan yin 觀音, guan shi yin 觀世音, guan zi zai (pu sa) 觀自在 (菩薩)
SKT avalokiteśvara
CH a bi di yu 阿鼻地獄, wu jian di yu 無間地獄
B
Baozhi (Chan Master) 寶誌 (禪師)
SKT bhikṣu
PALI bhikkhu
REF EDR I 166-167; FAS Ch11 106-116; FAS Ch16 30-31; SS I 63-64; SS V 148-149; DFS II 181, 345; DFS IX 1683-1685.
SKT bhikṣuṇī
PALI bhikkhuni
REF See refrences for Bhikshu.
SKT puṇya[-phala]
PALI puñña
REF S42 23-27; DFS 1080-1081; UW 77; PS 133-134, 194.
REF SS I 180-181; SS III 135-137, 196-197; FAS Ch24 63.
Bodhidharma (Patriarch) 菩提達摩 (祖師)
CH pu ti da mo (zu shi) 菩提達摩 (祖師)
Bodhi Resolve (bringing forth) 發菩提心
REF “Essay on Exhortation to Bring Forth the Bodhi Resolve” BTTS ms.; FAS Ch6 178-179, Ch17; EDR VIII 67-102.
CH pu sa 菩薩, pu ti sa duo 菩提薩馱
REF HS 95-97, DFS II 301-2; DS 5-6; TD 27-29; HD 13; EDR II 70-72; UW 25-26; FAS-PI 51-54; FAS Ch9 44-45; FAS Ch11 39; SS I 107; SS VI 48-55; AS 98-99.
CH bai 拜, li bai 禮拜, ding li 頂禮
SKT vandana
PALI vandana
REF WM 38-39; SV 57; UW 18-25; PDS “Seven Types of Bowing: What Happens When People Bow”; WOH; TS.
CH fan wang jing 梵網經 (a) T. 21, (b) T. 1484
SKT Brahmajāla-sūtra (not extant)
PALI Brahmajāla-sutta (not extant)
CH fo 佛, fo tuo 佛陀], fo tuo ye [[佛陀][[耶
REF LY I 13, DFS VI 1124-5, 1131; TD 26-27; VS 141-142; DFS Ch2, 8,9; UW 25-26; FAS Ch24 20-22ff, 58-60; FAS-PI 149-150, 155; FAS Ch7 3-5, 14-15, 33-34; SS II 166-167; AS 2-5.
SKT Buddhatā, Buddhabhāva, Buddhatva
PALI Buddhatā, Buddhabhāva, Buddhatta
REF SS IV 108ff; DFS V (Ch4 'Belief and Understanding'); NS.
Buddhism / Buddha Dharma 佛教 / 佛法
REF FAS Ch9 93; “The Kennedys Request a Lecture,” VBS, May 1970, 30-38; FAS PII 129; PS 121.
C
SKT betu-pratyaya
PALI betu-paccaya
REF DFS V 936-939; CL II 27 (=SPV Ch5); FHS 1 22-32 (The Buddha Speaks the Sutra on Cause and Effect); BRF 52; SPV 128-9; EDR II 123, 130-131 (Nāgārjuna); WM 41, 47-49; SS VII; TT 33-35, 131 par 1; SM I 95; EDR VI 215; FAS Ch7 11; FAS Ch22 “Second Ground”; SS II 47 (finger pointing at the moon), 112 (par 2); AS 30.
certification 證 / 證明 / 證得
CH zheng 證, zheng ming 證明, zheng de 證得
SKT prāpti sakṣat-kṛti
Changren (Chan Master) 常仁 (禪師)
CH chang ren (chan shi) 常仁 (禪師)
- 201, 15; WM 14-41.
Changzhi (Chan Master) 常智 (禪師)
CH chang zhi (chan shi) 常智 (禪師)
REF LY II 14-17; WM 70-73; SE 65-70.
SKT maitrī, karuṇā
PALI mettā, karuṇā
REF AS7-8.
REF HD; FAS-PII(2) 79- 89; “The Transformation of Consciousness into Wisdom: the Path of the Bodhisattva according to the Cheng Weishi Lun, VBS
- 176, 177, 178 (Jan.-Mar. 1985).
REF FAS Ch5; SPV 53-60, 139-143.
SKT jāti
PALI jāti
REF TD; TT51-53, 149-151; FAS Ch24 116-120; SS IV 13 ff; Nirvana Sutra lecture, 8-18-85; VBS
- 95, 25-28.
SKT caryā, bhāvanā
PALI cariya, bhāvanā
REF EDR VII 152-153; FAS Ch15 30ff; FAS Ch5-6 89-90; TT 43.
D
REF WM 71-73, VS 151-152; FAS-PII(2) 145-149.
SKT māra
PALI māra
REF SS I 175 SS VIII, UW 122-123, 206-207; TT 66, Unpublished lecture by Ven. Master Hua, July 29, 1985, Venerable Master Hua's Talks on Dharma III 107-113; Lethcoe, Nancy, “Māra, Buddhas, and Bodhisattvas.” VBS
- 14 (May, 1971) 22-25; #16 (July, 1971) 36-38; #18 (Sept., 1971) 23-26.
REF DFS X (Ch 1 2 ”Devadatta“); FAS-PII(3) 78-79; VBS
- 196 4-5; VBS #197 4-5.
REF FAS-PII(1) 97-99; FAS PII(2) 100; FAS Ch15 1-2 VBS
SKT dharma-mukha dharma-paryāya
SKT saddharma-vipralopa-kāla, saddharmasya antardhāna-kāla-samaya
PALI saddhammassa-antaradhāna
REF BRF 17-19; SE 62-64; UW 135; SS I xiv-xvi; VBS
- 152 (Jan. 1983) ”Buddha Speaks the Surra of Changes to Come“ (T. 395).
Dharma Flower (Lotus) Sutra 法華經
CH fa hua jing 法華經, miao fa lian hua jing, 妙法蓮華經 T. 262.
SKT dharma-bhāṇaka, dharma-kathika, upādhyāya
PALI dhamma-bhāṇaka, dhamma-kathika, upajjhāya
E
Earth Store (Bodhisattva) 地藏 (菩薩)
CH di zang (wang) pu sa 地藏 (王) 菩薩
SKT aṣṭa-vijñānāni
REF HD 30-33; EDR IV 26-28; VBS
- 331-342 (Dec. 1997-Nov. 1998) ”Verses Delineating the Eight Consciousnesses.“
SKT aṣṭādaśa-dhātavaḥ
PALI aṭṭhārasa-dhātuyo
REF HD 31; HS 56-59; PS 334-335.
Eightfold Division of Ghost and Spirits 天龍八部
CH tian long ba bu 天龍八部, ba bu zhong 八部眾, long sheng ba bu 龍神八部
SKT devanāgayakṣa-gandharvāsuragaruḍakinnara-mahoraga
REF DFS IV 562, VII 1233-1235, 1254-1257, IX 1675-1678.
CH ba zheng dao 八正道, ba sheng dao 八聖道
SKT (ārya) aṣṭāṅgika-mārga
PALI (ariyo) aṭṭangika-maggo
REF HS 87-88, DFS IV 663-670; AS 125-128.
REF HS 18-20; FAS Ch26 II 158.
Eighty-eight Deluded Viewpoints 八十八品見惑
CH ba shi ba pin jian huo 八十八品見惑, ba shi ba pin jian fen 八十八品見分
SKT darśana-heya
Eighty-four Thousand Dharma-Doors 八萬四千法門
CH ba wan si qian fa men 八萬四千法門
SKT catvāry-aśītidharma-skandhasahasrāṇi
PALI caturāsīti sahassāni dhammā
Eighty-one Cognitive Delusions 八十一品思惑
CH ba shi yi pin si huo 八十一品思惑
SKT bhāvanā-mārga-prahātavya-kleśa, bhāvanā-heya
Eleven Benefita from Making Images of Buddhas 造像十一種功德
CH zao xiang shi yi zhong gong de 造像十一種功德
SKT śūnyatā
PALI suññatā
REF HS 21-23, 57; FAS-PII(2) 93-94, 102, 106; FAS PII(3) 68 69; PS Ch2.
CH wu 悟, jue wu 覺悟, kai wu 開悟
REF SS I 38-39; SS VI 48-55; DFS IV 519; EDR I 96; FAS-VP 40; FAS-PII(1) 232-234.
Upaya Paramita - Expedient Dharma - Skillful Means
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CH fang bian fa 方便法, quan qiao fang bian 權巧方便
SKT upāya-kuśala / upāya-kauśalya
REF EDR V 79-80, 220-221; FAS Ch15 46ff (Dwelling in the Endowment of Skill-in-Means); SS V 194.
- Snippet from Wikipedia: Upaya
In Buddhism, upaya (Sanskrit: उपाय, upāya, expedient means, pedagogy) is an aspect of guidance along the Buddhist paths to liberation where a conscious, voluntary action "is driven by an incomplete reasoning" about its direction. Upaya is often used with kaushalya (कौशल्य, "cleverness"), upaya-kaushalya meaning "skill in means".
Upaya-kaushalya is a concept emphasizing that practitioners may use their own specific methods or techniques that fit the situation in order to gain enlightenment. The implication is that even if a technique, view, etc., is not ultimately "true" in the highest sense, it may still be an expedient practice to perform or view to hold; i.e., it may bring the practitioner closer to the true realization in a similar way. The exercise of skill to which it refers, the ability to adapt one's message to the audience, is of enormous importance in the Pali Canon.
The Digital Dictionary of Buddhism notes that rendering the Chinese term fāngbiàn into English as 'skillful' or as 'expedient' is often difficult, because the connotations shift according to the context as (1) the teaching being something to marvel at — the fact that the Buddha can present these difficult truths in everyday language (thus, skillful), yet that (2) they are teachings of a lower order as compared to the ultimate truth, and are far removed from reflecting reality, and are a kind of 'stopgap' measure (thus, expedient).
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F
Faith
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faith 信
CH xin 信
SKT śraddhā
PALI saddhā
REF WM 53-54; FAS-PI 184; FAS-PII(1) 139-140; FAS Ch11 184, Ch22 4-6; AS 24; HD 44.
filial piety (respect for all) 孝 / 孝道
REF FHS I 1,8,63,65,68; FHS II 17,30, 81-109; SPV 9, 18-20, 22-23, 80,88, 103-4; UW 115-116; BNS 6O.
Five Contemplations when Eating 食存五觀
SKT pañca-kāma-guṇāḥ
PALI pañca-kāma-guṇā
REF S42 47, 48-54, 57, 62-63, 61; FAS Ch11 99.
Five Eyes 五眼
CH wu yan 五眼
SKT pañca-cakṣus
PALI pañca-cakkhūni
REF SPV 69-70; SM II 89-90; SM III 35, 84-85; VS 106-107, 122-123; AS 6-7.
SKT pañca-śīlāni
PALI pañca-śīla
REF BRF 59-61; DFS II 211; DFS V 902-3; S42 75-76 (precepts); TT 58; SV 14-29; BNS I 73-97; FAS Ch26(2) 4,10,17,20, 25-26, 28.
Five Skandhas 五陰 / 五蘊
SKT skandha, pañcopādāna-skandha
PALI panc'upādāna-kkhandha
FORM:
CH se / shai 色
SKT rūpa
PALI rūpa
FEELING:
CH shou 受
SKT vedanā
PALI vedanā
CH xiang 想
SKT saṃjñā
PALI saññā
FORMATIONS:
SKT saṃskārāḥ
PALI sankhārā
SKT vijñāna
PALI vijññāṇa
REF HS 24-28, 4l-48 LY II 103-104, 223-225; SS III 4-24; SS VIII.
Five Turbidities 五濁
CH wu zhuo 五濁, wu zhuo e shi 五濁惡世
SKT pañca-kasāya
PALI pañca-kasāya
REF DFS III 425; SPV 32-3; SS III 205-207; SS IV 144-151, 256-257; AS 149-150.
Five Types of Buddhist Study and Practice 五大宗
TEACHINGS:
MORAL REGULATIONS:
SKT tantra, mantrayāna, vajrayāna
REF FAS Ch26 II 113-114; WM 16-19, 70-77; RH 230-231; VBS
Flower Adornment Sutra (大方廣佛) 華嚴經
CH hua yan jing 華嚴經, da fang guang fo hua yan jing 大方廣佛華嚴經
SKT Avataṃsaka-sūtra, mahāvaipulya-buddhāvataṃsaka-sūtra
REF The BTTS has published the FAS in four different series: (1)FASP and FASVP, (2)FAS, (3)EDR, (4)UW. For general comments, see EDR VII 13-14; FAS-VP xv-xvi.
Four Applications of Mindfulness 四念處
SKT smṛtyupasthāna, catvāri-smṛtyupasthānāni
PALI satipaṭṭhāna
REF SS VII 207-229; LY II 75-6; DFS IV 706ff; SPV 55-60; DFS X 5-6; TT 104-107; EDR I 225; EDR VIII 13-14; FAS-PII 29-30; FAS Ch26(2) 109-112; SS I 15.
CH si zhong 四眾, si zhong di zi 四眾弟子
SKT catasraḥ-parṣadaḥ
PALI catur-parisā
CH si kong chu 四空處, si wu se / shai jie 四無色界, si wu se / shai ding chu 四無色定處
REF SS VII 129-238; DFS IV 708; SPV 60; DFS X 6; EDR I 225; FASP II 29-30; FAS Ch26(2) 109.
SKT mahābhūta
PALI mahābhūta
REF HD 64; SS IV 22-25, 144. 148.
REF DFS IV 788-795; LY I 17; PS 178-182.
SKT ārya-satyāni, catvāry-ārya-satyāni
PALI ariya-sacca, catur ariya-saccāni
CH ku 苦
SKT duḥkha
PALI dukkha
ORIGINATION:
CH ji 集
SKT samudaya
PALI samudaya
CESSATION:
CH mie 滅
SKT nirodha
PALI nirodha
PATH:
SKT mārga
PALI magga
REF DFS III 504; HS 68-70. 78-84; FASP II(2) 45-47; FAS Ch8 (esp pp. 1-3 – Four Holy Truths Chapter); TD 13-14; VHS #206 6.
Four Unlimited Aspects of Mind 四無量心
SKT catvāry-apramāṇāni, brāhma-vihāra
KINDNESS:
SKT maitrī
PALI mettā
COMPASSION:
SKT karuṇā
PALI karuṇā
JOY:
CH xi 喜
SKT muditā
PALI muditā
EQUANIMITY:
CH she 捨
SKT upekṣā
PALI upekkhā
G
Gautama / Gotama (Buddha) 瞿曇 (佛)
CH ju tan (fo) 瞿曇 (佛), qiao da mo 喬答摩
SKT gautama
PALI gotama
ghosts 鬼
CH gui 鬼, e gui 餓鬼
SKT preta
PALI peta
REF SS VII 155-175, SPV 65-6; TD 50-52; HD 83-84; EDR III 26-27; PS 83; SS VII 155-176.
SKT īśvara
PALI issara
REF FAS ChI4 (lecture Oct 5-6, 1975).
CH tian 天, tian ren 天人, shen 神
SKT devāḥ, devaputrāḥ
PALI devā, devaputta
REF SPV 209-10; UW 220-224; FASP II(2) 141-144; FAS Ch11 69-72; SS VII 198-238.
gongfu (kungfu) 功夫
CH gong fu 功夫
SKT kalyāṇamitra
PALI kalyāṇa-mitta
REF LYI 50-2; PS 112-114; EDR II xii-xiv, 2-3, 6-7, 83-84; FAS Ch24 42-43; PB I (intro pp:); EDR IV 113; EDR V 69-71; EDR VI 82-83; EDR VII 11, 142ff-155; “What Is a Good Advisor?” Venerable Master Hua's Talks on Dharma VIII 75-79; VBS
- 198 2.
SKT mahākāruṇā-dhāraṇī, mahākāruṇikahṛdaya-dhāraṇī
REF TT 133; DS 30-39, 40-43, 60-66, 135ff; Great Compassion Mantra Verses; Dharma Talks in Europe 76-83.
H
Hanshan and Shide (Bodhisattvas) 寒山拾得 (大士)
CH han shan shi de (da shi) 寒山拾得 (大士)
- 27 1, #17 37, #28 1, #60 70-73 (”Poetry of Shih-Te“ by James M. Hargett), #200 11.
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I
SKT avidyā
PALI avijjā
impermanence 無常
SKT anitya
PALI anicca
REF TT 110, 111 (2 verses) SS II 24-36 (text only); NS Ch. 2 Pt. 1 24-25 and lectures.
K
kalpa 劫
PALI kappa
karma 業
CH ye 業
PALI kamma
REF FHS I 22-32 (Sutra of Cause and Effect in the Three Periods of Time); SPV 101-102; SS I 172-173; SS II 139-159.
Kumārajīva (Tripiṭaka Master) 鳩摩羅什 (三藏法師)
CH jiu mo luo shi (san zang fa shi) 鳩摩羅什 (三藏法師)
SKT kumārajīva
REF DFS I 57-66 VS 12-13; BNS I 36-37; AS 44-48 VBS
- 23 1; RHS 26-42.
L
REF FHS I 27; DFS IX 1601-2; CL II 15, 59 (=BNS 20th minor); BNS I 162-5 FAS Ch8 76-77; RH 186-198 Hsuan Hua (Ven. Master) ”Developing our Compassion by Liberating Living Beings,“ PDS (May 1985); “To Atone for Killing Karma Liberate the Living Instead,” VBS
- 147 Aug. 1982) 13-17.
CH zhong sheng 眾生, you qing 有情
PALI satta
REF EDR V 136-7; Vs 40-41; SS IV 36-38; SS VI 165-180; UW 7-8; FASVP 6O-61; DFS IV 789-790.
lotus posture 雙跏趺坐
CH shuang jia fu zuo 雙跏趺坐, jie jia fu zuo, 結跏趺坐, lian hua zuo* 蓮花坐
SKT padmāsana
REF TD 63-67; FAS Ch11 127-131, 244-245; SS I 98-99; LY I 70-75; DFS IX 1716-17, 1722-1727.
love 愛 / 貪愛 / 愛欲
SKT tṛṣṇā
PALI taṇhā
M
Madhyamaka / Mādhyamika 中觀論 (派)
CH zhong guan lun (pai) 中觀論 (派)
SKT madhyamaka[-śāstra / Mādhyamika
Mahākāśyapa (Venerable) 摩訶迦葉 (尊者)
CH mo he jia she (zun zhe) 摩訶迦葉 (尊者)
SKT mahākāśyapa (sthavira)
PALI mahākassapa (thera)
REF AS 75-80; DFS V 869-872; DFS VI 1105-1116; EDR I 220; SS IV 198, 202; SS V 39-43; VBS
- 165 (Jan. 1984) 1.
Mahāmaudgalyāyana (Venerable) 摩訶目犍連 (尊者)
CH mo he mu jian lian (zun zhe) 摩訶目犍連 (尊者)
SKT mahāmaudgalyāyana (sthavira)
PALI mahāmoggallāna (thera)
REF DFS V 872; DFS VI 1146-1162; EDR I 220; SS V 86-89; SS VII 86-87; AS 73-75.
PALI mahāsatta
Mahayana and Hinayana Compared 大乘小乘比較
CH (a) da cheng 大乘, (b) xiao cheng 小乘
SKT (a) mahāyāna, (b) hīnayāna
REF LY I 146-7, 150; FAS Ch3 (Mahayana); FAS-PII(1) 116-120; EDR I 198-199 (verse); SV 6-7.
Maitreya (Bodhisattva) 彌勒 (菩薩)
CH mi lei / le (pu sa) 彌勒 (菩薩)
PALI metteyya
REF DFS II 156, 351ff DFS IX 1584-87; AS 103-105; EDR VII 135; EDR VIII 19; SS V 111-119; VBS
- 172 10.
maṇḍala 曼陀][[羅
SKT maṇḍala
PALI maṇḍala
Mañjuśrī (Bodhisattva) 文殊師利 (菩薩) (Manjushri or Manjusri)
CH wen shu shi li (pu sa) 文殊師利 (菩薩)
REF DFS II 144ff; FAS Ch9 8-10; EDR I 161ff, 226-228; AS 99-103.
mantra 咒
CH zhou 咒
PALI manta
REF HS 109-110, 116; SM I 37-40; RH.
meditation 坐禪 / 禪
REF PDS (May 1985) 2 “The Chan Practice…,” TT 104ff; LYII 74ff; VBS
merit / merit and virtue 功德
CH gong de 功德
SKT puṇya, puṇya-guṇa
PALI puñña
REF PS 132-137; UW 9-10, 32, 76; TT 43.
SKT madhyama-pratipad
SKT smṛti, anusmṛti
PALI sati, anussati
REF FAS Ch22 (Treasury of Mindfulness).
moral precepts 戒 / 戒律
SKT śīla, śikṣāpada
PALI sīla, sikkhāpada
REF SV; BNS I & II; TT 117,132; FAS Ch16 33-35; FAS Ch11 27; FAS Ch22 15-27; FAS Ch26(2) 5-6; SS I 12, 47; SS III 109; SS VI 9; SS VII 107-108; S42 76.
N
Nāgārjuna (Bodhisattva) 龍樹 (菩薩)
SKT nāgārjuna
SKT namas
Nirvana 涅槃
CH nie pan 涅槃, ni huan 泥洹
SKT nirvāṇa, mahāparinirvāṇa
PALI nibbāna, mahāparinibbāna
REF VS 429 (4 kinds); UW 157; DFS II 315-316 (3 kinds); DFS VII 1356 (2 kinds); SS I 180-181; SS IV 138-139, 244-245.
SKT Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra
PALI Mahāparinibbāna-suttanta
SKT anātman
PALI anatta
0
offerings 供 / 供養
SKT pūjā
PALI pūjā
REF DFS II 288-289; DFS IX 1700-1701; VS 105-107; S42 23-27; UW 55-68, 142-144; Nirvana Sutra lecture on October 27, 1985 by Ven. Master Hua.
SKT śata-dharmāḥ
REF HD, esp. 5, 26-29; HS 50; FASP II(3) 44ff.
One Thousand Hands and Eyes 千手千眼
SKT sahasrabhujasahasranetra
REF Great Compassion Dharma Transmission Verses; DS 2-5, 24-25; SS V 178-179. VBS
- 197 3.
ordination 受具足戒
SKT upasaṃpadā
PALI upasampadā
outflows 漏
CH lou 漏
SKT āsrava
PALI āsava
REF AS 125; SM IV 44-45 FAS Ch9 10-15.
CH ba li wen 巴利文, ba li yu 巴利語
SKT pāli
PALI pāli
CH bo luo mi (duo) 波羅蜜 (多), du 度
REF PS 96-97; VS 7; SM III 8; SS I 9-10.
polluted thoughts 妄想
CH wang xiang 妄想
PALI parikappa, vikappa
REF PS 98-99, 192-193; TT 38; FASP I 87.
CH bi zhi fo 辟支佛, du jue / jiao 獨覺, yuan jue / jiao 緣覺
SKT PratyekaBuddha, pratyayaBuddha
REF TD 29-31, DFS II 300-301; FASP II(2) 57-58.
SKT sukhāvatī
Q
Qingliang Chengguan (National Master) 清涼澄觀 (國師)
CH qing liang cheng guan (guo shi) 清涼澄觀 (國師)
REF UW xx-xxi, xxiii; FASVP 15-18; FASP I 221-230; VBS
- 35 1.
R
REF FASVP 51-54; FASP II(1) 156ff; FASP II(2) (entire volume); FASP III (entire volume); BNS 134-35; Dharma Talks in Europe 9ff.
SKT jāti, pratisaṃdhi
PALI jāti, paṭisandhi
REF CL II 81; HS 38; FAS Ch16 44; SS IV 34-36; SS VII 96-97.
recitation of the Buddha's Name 念佛
SKT buddhānusmṛti
PALI buddhānussati
REF LY I 1-47; LY II CPL; AS; FAS Ch22 56; EDR IV 152-153; SS V 126-129; PDS May, 1985, ”Reciting the Name of Guanshiyin Bodhisattva“; “Nian fo fa men,” unpublished lecture. December 16, 1985; Venerable Master Hua's Talks on Dharma III 2-41.
refuge with the Three Jewels 皈依三寶
SKT tri-śaraṇa
PALI ti-saraṇa
REF PS 184-l87; UW 13; FAS Ch11 116-118; The True Meaning of Taking Refuge (entire volume).
SKT śarīra
PALI sarīra
SKT vipratisāra, deśanā, kṣamāpaṇa, kaukṛtya
PALI vippaṭisāra, desanā, khamāpanā, kukkucca
REF PS 120, 176-178; WM 9-11; UW 30-31, 144-145; TT 87-96 (verse of repentance of Universal Worthy Bodhisattva); EDR VIII 2-4, 69-73; FASP II(3) 9-10; FAS Ch22 29-34 (”Treasury of Shame“), 35-41 (”Treasury of Remorse“); RH (”Repentance before the Eighty-Eight Buddhas“).
S
Sagely City of Ten Thousand Buddhas 萬佛聖城
Śakra 帝釋
CH di shi 帝釋, shi jia po 釋迦婆, i.e., yin tuo la 因陀][[羅 (Indra)
SKT śakra
PALI sakka
CH shi jia mou ni (fo) 釋迦牟尼 (佛)
SKT śākyamuni
PALI sakyamuni
REF SM VI (ms.) DFS VII, XIV (Ch20), III 319; EDR VII 111; A5 8.
CH san mei 三昧, san mo di 三摩地, ding 定
SKT samādhi
PALI samādhi
REF TT 127-8; EDR I 12; EDR VII 60; FAS Ch11 131-133; SS II 121-122; SS VI 13-14.
CH liu zhuan 流轉, sheng si 生死, lun hui 輪迴
SKT saṃsāra
PALI saṃsāra
SKT saṅgha, saṃgha
REF DFS IV 666-667; PDS “The So-Called Lay Sangha in America.”
SKT saṃskṛta
Śāriputra (Venerable) 舍利弗 (尊者)
CH she li fu (zun zhe) 舍利弗 (尊者), she li zi 舍利子
SKT śāriputra (sthavira)
PALI sāriputta (thera)
REF AS 69-71; HS 33-34, 120-121; DFS Ch2 107-109; EDR I 219; SS V 62-64.
SKT ṣaṭ kāmāvacarā devalokāḥ
REF SS VII 198-207; SPV 25-26, 53-55.
CH liu bo luo mi 六波羅蜜, liu du 六度
REF LY II 2-3; HS 90-1; DFS II 131ff, 242-254, 350-353; DFS X 5-32, 41-43; EDR V 72-79; 212-220; EDR VIII 132-133, 140-141 (patience); FASP II(1) 112-115; FASP II(2) 36-40; VS 94ff, 102 (photo) (patience – King of Kalinga); S42 38-39 (patience); TT 143-144 (patience); SS I 6-17; AS 4; FAS Ch15 31-33; FAS Ch11 16-27, 31-39, 75-78, 81-83; FAS Ch22 53-96 (Treasury of Giving).
CH liu dao lun hui 六道輪迴, liu qu 六趣
REF SS V 135; HD 83; TD 39-54; VBS
- 206 7.
Six Principles of the Sagely City of Ten Thousand Buddhas 萬佛聖城六大宗旨
CH wan fo sheng cheng liu da zhong zhi 萬佛聖城六大宗旨
REF Talks on Dharma by the Venerable Master Hua VIII 107-127; ”Chan Talks #1,“ VBS
PALI abhiññā, chaḷabhiññā
REF SPV 26-27; DFS IV 808-815; DFS VII 1292-1297; (outflows) DFS VII 1283-86; S42 35-36 (knowledge of past lies); HS 18; AS 5-6 FAS Ch26(2) 116-118.
Sixth Patriarch's Dharma Jewel Platform Sutra 六祖法寶壇經
CH liu zu fa bao tan jing 六祖法寶壇經
PALI samaṇa
REF SV 44; DS 9; S42 1,3,10; EDR I 159.
śrāvaka 聲聞
PALI sāvaka
REF DFS II 299; TD 33; S42 1, 3-9; FASP II(1) 115-116; FASP II(2) 57, 134-135.
CH ku 苦
SKT duḥkha
PALI dukkha
REF UW 87-88; FASP II(1) 99-101; FAS Ch8 3-13; FAS Ch15 36-37; VBS
- 206 6.
REF SS VI 89-91; 91-103 (text); 113; TT 124-126; SM I (intro), 32-33, 97-101, SM III 34.
CH da fo ding shou leng yan jing 大佛頂首楞嚴經, 10 rolls (T. 845). Translated into Chinese by Paramiti and others in 705 C.E.
REF SS I-VIII; BRF 18-19; A Sure Sign of the Proper Dharma.
SKT sūtra
PALI sutta
REF SPV 21; HS 11-12; VS 8; S42 80; FASVP 37-38, FASP II(1) 7-26; AS 12-14.
Sutra in Forty-Two Sections 四十二章經
Sutra of the Past Vows of Earth Store Bodhisattva 地藏菩薩本願經
CH di zang pu sa ben yuan jing 地藏菩薩本願經
SKT kṣitigarbha-Bodhisattva-pūrvapraṇidāna-sūtra (no longer extant)*
T
REF TD; HS 104-5; TT 46-49; FASVP 23-27; VBS
- 206 4.
Ten Grounds / Stages of the Bodhisattva Path 菩薩十地
SKT daśabhūmayaḥ
PALI dasabhūmi
REF FAS Ch26(1), Ch26(2); EDR V 279-280; EDR VI 278; SS VII 62-69; ”Transformation of Consciousness into Wisdom,“ VBS
SKT daśa-kuśala-karma-patha, dala-kusalāni
REF S42 14-15; DFS X 6; FAS Ch26(2) 4-35.
CH nan chuan fo jiao 南傳佛教, shang zuo bu 上座部
SKT sthavira-vāda
PALI theravāda
Thirty-two Major Physical Characteristics of a Buddha 佛三十二相
SKT dvātriṃśan mahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa, dvātrimśad varalakṣaṇa
PALI dvattiṃsa mahāpurisalakkhaṇa
REF EDR I 189-190; EDR VI 212-213, 215; VS 85-86.
Three Aspects of Learning to Be without Outflows 三無漏學
Three Bodies of a Buddha / Three Types of Buddha Bodies 佛之三身
SKT trikāya
PALI tikāya
REF PS 188-194; FASP II(3) 74-75; BNS I 11; EDR I 14; FAS Ch24 50-51. VBS
- 196 6.
SKT triratna, ratna-traya
PALI tiratana, ratana-ttaya
SKT triyāna
SKT triloka, tridhātu
PALI tiloka
REF TT 47; EDR VIII 218-219; FASP II(2) 139-141.
CH ru lai 如來
REF DFS IV 540; VS 141ff; EDR VIII 217-218; TD 26.
CH Tiantai zong 天台宗 [Jap. tendai]
REF DFS I 1-11; FASP II(1) 196-197.
SKT kāla
PALI kāla
REF TT 6; EDR I 28-29; UW 219-220, 222; FAS Ch5-6 115-117; FAS Ch9 147-148; SS II 68-69 SS IV 147. 165-167; VS 124.
SKT pariṇāmana
PALI pariṇāmana
REF UW 38-39; FAS Ch9 26-28; EDR IV (Ten Transferences); FAS Ch25; RH 71, 82, 146-157, 158-162; SS VII 50-59 (Ten Transferences).
SKT nirmāṇakāya
PALI tipiṭaka
REF HS 13, VS 11; UW 3; FASP II(1) 109-111; FAS Ch9 185.
PALI tipiṭaka-ācariya
Twelvefold Conditioned Arising 十二因緣
SKT dvādaśāṅga nidāna, dvādaśāṅga pratītyasamutpāda
PALI nidāna, paṭicca-samuppāda
REF HS 61-65; SS IV 32-35; TD 31; FAS Ch26 “Fifth Ground” 52ff, ”Sixth Ground“ 70-89; TD 9-10; AS 3.
SKT dviyāna
U
Universal Worthy (Bodhisattva) 普賢 (菩薩)
SKT samantabhadra
CH you po sai 優婆賽, jin shi nan 近事男
upāsikā 優婆夷
CH you po yi 優婆夷, jin shi nü 近事女
SKT upāsikā
PALI upāsikā
V
PALI vajira
Vajra (Diamond) Prajñā Pāramitā Sutra 金剛般若波羅密多經
CH jin gang bo re bo luo mi duo jing 金剛般若波羅密多經, jin gang jing 金剛經
SKT vajra-Prajñā-pāramitā-sūtra
CH shi qin (pu sa) 世親菩薩, tian qin (pu sa) 天親菩薩
- 20 1-2.
REF FASP II 29-31; FAS Ch11 214-224; FAS Ch22 59-63; DFS 789-791; LY I 112-114, 116-118; BNS I (Third Minor Precept) 118-119, BRF 63-65; CL I 1-4, 83; CL II 1-3, 5, 7, 9, 63 (=BNS third minor), 142-144; SS III 78-79; SS IV 40-42; SS VI 20-23; SS VII 4-8; BNS I 120-122 (5 allium); DFS IV 790-792; PDS (Dec. 1984) 2, ”Verses on a Simple and Practical Way to be Kind to Other Living Beings.“
REF FASP II(1) 77-78, 86-96; SV 10.
SKT praṇidhāna
PALI paṇidhāna
REF DFS VII 1195 1197; UW xiii; FAS Ch22 154.
W
SKT lokadhātu
PALI lokadhātu
REF EDR VI 206-210, 260-261; EDR VIII 215-216; FAS Ch5(1) 14, 102, 107, 109; FAS Ch5-6 frontis., 48.
X
Xuanzang (Tripiṭaka Master) 玄奘 (三藏法師)
CH xuan zang (san zang fa shi) 玄奘 (三藏法師)
REF HS 13-14; HD 15-19 FASP II(2) 80, 82.
Xuyun (Chan Master) 虛雲 (禪師)
- 17 (Aug. 1971) 1-2.
Y
Z
REF FASP II(2) 1-4; DFS I 1,15,17-18,35,53,55; VBS
- 129 (Feb. 1981) 1.