Table of Contents
FreeBSD Glossary
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- Provide a FreeBSD glossary of the top 40 FreeBSD concepts sorted by the most commonly used. For each concept include a brief description and the URL for the FreeBSD official documentation. Answer using MediaWiki format.
Creating a comprehensive FreeBSD glossary sorted by the most commonly used concepts requires careful consideration of FreeBSD's documentation, features, and utilities. Below, I've compiled a list of 40 FreeBSD concepts, ranging from foundational elements like the file system layout to advanced features like jails. For each, I've provided a brief description. However, URLs for the official FreeBSD documentation will follow a generic format, as specific URLs would require checking the FreeBSD documentation website for the most current links. You can find detailed information on each concept by visiting the FreeBSD Handbook or the man pages section on the official FreeBSD website (`https://www.freebsd.org/docs.html`).
Simple FreeBSD Glossary
1. Ports Collection
The Ports Collection is a set of Makefiles, patches, and description files used to compile and install applications from source on FreeBSD.
2. pkg
3. ZFS
ZFS is an advanced file system and logical volume manager designed to provide high storage capacities and data integrity.
4. Jails
Jails are a lightweight virtualization technology in FreeBSD that allows for the partitioning of a FreeBSD system into multiple independent mini-systems.
5. bhyve
bhyve is a type-2 hypervisor for FreeBSD that allows users to run multiple guest operating systems simultaneously.
6. FreeBSD Kernel
FreeBSD Kernel is the core of the FreeBSD operating system, managing hardware, processes, memory, and networking.
7. File System Layout
File System Layout describes the structure and purpose of directories and files in FreeBSD.
8. pf (Packet Filter)
pf is a powerful firewall and networking tool used for packet filtering, NAT, and traffic shaping.
9. SSH (Secure Shell)
10. cron
cron is a system daemon used to execute scheduled commands.
11. rc (Run Commands) System
12. UFS (Unix File System)
UFS (Unix File System) is a traditional file system used in Unix-like operating systems, including FreeBSD.
13. GEOM
14. DTrace
DTrace is a comprehensive dynamic tracing framework for troubleshooting [[kernel and application problems.
15. make
The make utility is used for managing the build process of software through a file called a Makefile.
16. NFS (Network File System)
NFS (Network File System) allows for file sharing over a network, letting systems access files over a network as if they were local.
17. syslog
syslog is a standard for message logging, allowing the collection and storage of logs.
18. sendmail
sendmail is a mail transfer agent (MTA) used to send, receive, and route emails.
19. IPFW (IP Firewall)
IPFW (IP Firewall) is a stateful firewall written for FreeBSD which supports both IPv4 and IPv6.
20. CARP (Common Address Redundancy Protocol)
CARP (Common Address Redundancy Protocol) allows multiple hosts on the same local network to share a set of IP addresses.
21. Binary Updates
FreeBSD supports binary updates for the base system and applications using freebsd-update and pkg.
22. Boot Loader
The FreeBSD boot loader is responsible for loading the FreeBSD kernel and initiating the FreeBSD boot process.
23. Disk Partitioning
Disk partitioning involves dividing a disk into sections that can be independently managed.
24. File Permissions
File permissions in FreeBSD control the actions that can be performed on files and directories.
25. User Management
FreeBSD's user management involves creating, modifying, and deleting FreeBSD user accounts and FreeBSD groups.
26. Virtual Memory System
The FreeBSD virtual memory system in manages memory allocation for processes and the kernel.
27. TCP/IP Networking
FreeBSD TCP/IP networking in covers the FreeBSD configuration and management of network interfaces and FreeBSD services.
28. Loader Variables
FreeBSD Loader variables are used to control the FreeBSD boot loader's behavior.
29. [[Kernel Modules
FreeBSD Kernel modules are pieces of code that can be loaded into the FreeBSD kernel to extend its functionality.
30. ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface)
ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) is used for FreeBSD power management and FreeBSD hardware configuration.
31. Sysctl
FreeBSD Sysctl is used to modify FreeBSD kernel parameters at runtime.
32. Updating the System Source
Describes how to FreeBSD update the FreeBSD system source code for building and upgrading the FreeBSD kernel and world.
33. [[FreeBSD Update Utility
The FreeBSD Update Utility is used for FreeBSD binary updates of the FreeBSD base system.
34. Security Auditing System
The FreeBSD security auditing system helps in FreeBSD monitoring FreeBSD security and detecting FreeBSD vulnerabilities.
35. Poudriere
Poudriere is a FreeBSD tool for testing and building FreeBSD ports in a clean, isolated environment.
36. BSD Init Scripts
BSD init scripts are used for FreeBSD starting services, FreeBSD stopping services, and managing FreeBSD services at FreeBSD boot time and FreeBSD shutdown.
37. jails.conf
FreeBSD jails.conf is the FreeBSD configuration file for setting up and managing FreeBSD jails.
38. fstab (File Systems Table)
fstab (File Systems Table) is a FreeBSD system configuration file that lists all available FreeBSD disks and FreeBSD disk partitions and their FreeBSD mount points.
39. Unionfs
Unionfs is a FreeBSD filesystem service that allows several file systems to be superimposed and appear as one.
40. devfs (Device File System)
devfs (Device File System) provides a dynamic view of the devices in the system, automatically creating and removing FreeBSD device nodes.
This list is intended to serve as a starting point for familiarizing yourself with FreeBSD. For the most accurate and detailed information, please refer to the FreeBSD Handbook and the man pages directly on the FreeBSD website. Remember, the URLs provided here are based on a generic format; you should navigate to the official FreeBSD documentation website to find the specific pages for each topic.
FreeBSD on the Cloud
FreeBSD on Containers
FreeBSD Courses
Fair Use Source
- FreeBSD for Archive Access for Fair Use Preservation, quoting, paraphrasing, excerpting and/or commenting upon
Oracle Linux: Oracle Linux Glossary, Linux Inventor: Linus Torvalds says “Linux sucks | Linux just sucks less.”, Oracle Linux Containers, Oracle Linux on Docker, Oracle Linux on Podman, Oracle Linux on Kubernetes, Oracle Linux VM, Oracle Linux on the Cloud (Cloud Providers), Oracle Linux on AWS, Oracle Linux on Azure, Oracle Linux on GCP, Oracle Linux on IBM Cloud, Oracle Linux on Oracle Cloud, Oracle Linux on VMware Cloud, Oracle Linux on DigitalOcean, Oracle Linux on Linode, Oracle Linux on Windows (Oracle Linux WSL), Oracle Linux Configuration Management (Ansible on Oracle Linux, PowerShell on Oracle Linux, Terraform on Oracle Linux, Chef on Oracle Linux, Puppet on Oracle Linux, ), Oracle Linux Installation, Oracle Linux Configuration, Oracle Linux Commands, Oracle Linux Package Managers, Homebrew on Oracle Linux, Snap on Oracle Linux, Apache Web Server on Oracle Linux, NGINX on Oracle Linux Security, Oracle Linux Networking, Oracle Linux DNS, Oracle Linux DHCP, Oracle Linux VPN, Oracle Linux Firewalls, Oracle Linux Security, Oracle Linux IAM - Oracle Linux IDM - Oracle Linux PAM - Oracle Linux on Active Directory, Oracle Linux Storage - Oracle Linux Filesystem, Samba on Oracle Linux, Embedded Oracle Linux, Oracle Linux Docs, Oracle Linux Books, Oracle Linux Courses, Oracle Linux History, Oracle Linux Philosophy, Oracle Linux Adoption, Linux Distros, Linux Foundation, Oracle Linux GitHub, Oracle Linux Source Code Repository, Awesome Oracle Linux. (navbar_oracle_linux - see also navbar_fedora, navbar_debian, navbar_linux,navbar_busybox_linux)
Linux, kernel, systemd, init, GRUB (GRand Unified Bootloader), initramfs, ext4 (Fourth Extended Filesystem), XFS, Btrfs (B-Tree File System), zram, zswap, cgroups (Control Groups), namespaces, selinux (Security-Enhanced Linux), AppArmor, iptables, nftables, firewalld, auditd, journald, syslog, logrotate, dmesg, udev, eBPF (Extended Berkeley Packet Filter), KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine), QEMU (Quick Emulator), VirtIO, LXC (Linux Containers), Docker, Podman, CRI-O, Kubernetes Integration, etcd, Linux Control Groups, LXD (Linux Daemon), Snap, Flatpak, AppImage, RPM (Red Hat Package Manager), dpkg (Debian Package Manager), APT (Advanced Package Tool), YUM (Yellowdog Updater, Modified), DNF (Dandified YUM), Pacman, Zypper, Portage, emerge, Nix, pkg-config, ldconfig, make, cmake, autoconf, automake, configure, GCC (GNU Compiler Collection), Clang, glibc (GNU C Library), musl, libstdc++, libc, binutils, GNU Coreutils, Bash (Bourne Again Shell), Zsh (Z Shell), Fish Shell, dash, sh, SSH (Secure Shell), sshd (SSH Daemon), scp (Secure Copy), rsync, SCP (Secure Copy Protocol), wget, curl, ftp, sftp, TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol), NFS (Network File System), CIFS (Common Internet File System), Samba, autofs, mount, umount, lsblk, blkid, parted, fdisk, gdisk, mkfs, fsck, tune2fs, xfs_repair, btrfs-progs, mdadm (Multiple Device Admin), RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks), LVM (Logical Volume Manager), thin provisioning, lvcreate, lvremove, vgcreate, vgremove, pvcreate, pvremove, multipath-tools, ISCSI (Internet Small Computer Systems Interface), nvme-cli, dm-crypt, cryptsetup, LUKS (Linux Unified Key Setup), dracut, GRUB Customizer, PXE (Preboot Execution Environment), tftpboot, Syslinux, LiveCD, LiveUSB, mkbootdisk, dd, cpio, tar, gzip, bzip2, xz, 7zip, zstd, rsyslog, sysctl, lsmod, modprobe, depmod, modinfo, insmod, rmmod, kmod, dkms (Dynamic Kernel Module Support), kernel tuning, kernel headers, kernel modules, patch, diff, strace, ltrace, ptrace, perf, htop, top, iotop, atop, vmstat, mpstat, sar, dstat, iostat, uptime, free, df, du, ps, pidstat, nice, renice, kill, pkill, killall, jobs, bg, fg, wait, nohup, screen, tmux, cron, crontab, at, anacron, systemctl, service, chkconfig, rc-update, update-rc.d, ntpd (Network Time Protocol Daemon), chronyd, hwclock, timedatectl, ntpdate, ufw (Uncomplicated Firewall), iptables-save, iptables-restore, fail2ban, denyhosts, tcp_wrappers, libcap, setcap, getcap, auditctl, ausearch, kernel parameters, boot parameters, sysfs, procfs, debugfs, tmpfs, ramfs, overlayfs, aufs, bind mounts, chroot, pivot_root, overlay2, network namespaces, bridge-utils, iproute2, ip, ifconfig, route, netstat, ss, arp, ping, traceroute, mtr, tcpdump, ngrep, nmap, arp-scan, ethtool, iwconfig, iw, wpa_supplicant, hostapd, dnsmasq, networkmanager, nmcli, nmtui, system-config-network, dhclient, dhcpd, isc-dhcp-server, bind9, named, unbound, nslookup, dig, resolvconf, iptables, nftables, firewalld, conntrack, ipset, snort, suricata, tcp_wrappers, rkhunter, chkrootkit, clamav, lynis, openvpn, strongswan, libreswan, openconnect, network namespaces, virtual ethernet, veth, tap interfaces, tun interfaces, vlan, bridge, brctl, ovs-vsctl, openvswitch, macvlan, ipvlan, bonding, teamd, network teaming, multipath, multipath-tools, route tables, ip rule, ip route, policy routing, qos, tc (Traffic Control), htb, fq_codel, cake, iptables NAT, iptables MASQUERADE, squid, socks5, privoxy, tor, iptables DNAT, iptables SNAT, iptables REDIRECT, conntrack, stateful firewall, stateless firewall, tcp_window_scaling, tcp_timestamps, tcp_sack, tcp_rmem, tcp_wmem, tcp_no_metrics_save, tcp_ecn, netem, ip6tables, ipset, ebtables, arptables, bridge-nf, br_netfilter, openvswitch, gre tunnels, ipip tunnels, vxlan, gretap, macsec, macvlan, ipvlan, wireguard, strongswan, libreswan, xfrm, ipsec, isakmpd, racoon, openswan, ikev2, ikev1, vpn tunnels, gre tunnels, vxlan tunnels, fou tunnels, ipip tunnels.
Linux Core Utilities commands - GNU Core Utilities command-line interface programs
This list should really only include standard universal commands that come with GNU Core Utilities.
- tac
This should really only include standard universal commands that come with all Linux distributions adhering to the Single UNIX Specification.
Really this is “Unix programs”, since there are no commands in Unix, they are programs except for shell builtins.
Unix command-line interface programs and shell builtins:
Unix user environment commands:
[[env]]
Unix text processing commands:
[[alias (command) ]] | [[ alias]]
Note: Networking is not part of SUS
Unix network utility commands:
Unix software development commands: Note: There are a huge number of Linux software development tools / Unix software development tools; this list should be restricted to ones that are standardized as part of Unix, i.e., those marked SD, CD], or FD (http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/help/codes.html) within the Unix/POSIX specifications
See also
References
Linux Commands (ls, cd, pwd, cp, mv, rm, mkdir, rmdir, touch, cat, less, head, tail, grep, find, chmod, chown, chgrp, tar, gzip, gunzip, df, du, ps, top, kill, man, ssh, scp, rsync, vim, nano, sed, awk, ping, ifconfig, netstat, route, traceroute, dig), Linux Fundamentals, Linux Inventor: Linus Torvalds says “Linux sucks | Linux just sucks less.”, Linux Best Practices - Linux Anti-Patterns, Linux kernel, Linux commands-Linux Shells-Linux CLI-GNU-Linux GUI-X11, Linux DevOps-Linux development-Linux system programming-Bash-zsh-Linux API, Linux package managers, Linux configuration management (Ansible on Linux, Chef on Linux, Puppet on Linux, PowerShell on Linux), Linux Distros (RHEL-Rocky Linux-CentOS (CentOS Stream)-Oracle Linux-Fedora, Ubuntu-Debian-Linux Mint-Raspberry Pi OS-Kali Linux-Tails, openSUSE - SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES), Arch Linux-Manjaro Linux, Alpine Linux-BusyBox - Slackware - Android-Chrome OS); UNIX-UNIX Distros (FreeBSD-OpenBSD, BSD, macOS), Linux networking, Linux storage, Linux secrets, Linux security (Linux IAM-LDAP-Linux Firewall-Linux Proxy), Linux docs, Linux GitHub, Linux Containers, Linux VM, Linux on AWS, Linux on Azure, Linux on GCP, Linux on Windows (WSL), Linux on IBM, Linux on Mainframe (Linux on IBM Z mainframe - Linux for System z - IBM LinuxONE), Embedded Linux, Linus IoT-Linux on Raspberry Pi, LinuxOps-Linux sysadmin, systemd-userland-kernel space-POSIX-SUS-Linux filesystem-Linux architecture, Linux books-UNIX books, Linux courses, Linux Foundation, Linux history, Linux philosophy, Linux adoption, Linux Glossary - Glossaire de Linux - French, Linux topics (navbar_linux and navbar_unix - see also navbar_fedora, navbar_rhel, navbar_centos, navbar_debian, navbar_ubuntu, navbar_linux_mint, navbar_freebsd, navbar_opensuse, navbar_manjaro, navbar_kali_linux, navbar_nixos, navbar_alpine_linux, navbar_tails_linux, navbar_slackware, navbar_rocky_linux, navbar_arch_linux, navbar_oracle_linux)
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