Table of Contents
Java Topics
Return to Glossary of Java Programming Language Terms, Java APIs topics, Articles, Java Bibliography, Java Books
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The first six articles document the Java language and the Java platform—they should all be considered essential reading. The book is biased toward the Oracle/OpenJDK (Open Java Development Kit) implementation of Java but not greatly so. Developers working with other Java environments will still find plenty to occupy them. Part I includes:
Article 1, “Java Environment Introduction”
This article is an overview of the Java language and the Java platform. It explains the important features and benefits of Java, including the lifecycle of a Java program. We also touch on Java security and answer some criticisms of Java.
Article 2, “Java Syntax from the Ground Up”
This article explains the details of the Java programming language, including the Java 8 language changes. It is a long and detailed article that does not assume substantial Java programming experience. Experienced Java programmers can use it as a Java language reference. Programmers with substantial experience with languages such as C and CPP should be able to pick up Java syntax quickly by reading this article; beginning programmers with only a modest amount of experience should be able to learn Java programming by studying this article carefully, although it is best read in conjunction with an introductory text.
Article 3, “Object-Oriented Programming in Java”
This article describes how the basic Java syntax is used to write simple object-oriented programs using Java classes and Java objects. The article assumes no prior experience with object-oriented programming. It can be used as a Java tutorial by new Java programmers or as a Java reference by experienced Java programmers.
Article 4, “The Java Type System”
This article builds on the basic description of object-oriented programming in Java and introduces the other aspects of Java’s type system, such as generic types, enumerated types, and annotations. With this more complete picture, we can discuss the biggest change in Java 8—the arrival of lambda expressions.
Article 5, “Introduction to Object-Oriented Design in Java”
This article is an overview of some basic techniques used in the design of sound object-oriented programs, and it briefly touches on the topic of design patterns and their use in software engineering.
Article 6, “Java’s Approach to Memory and Concurrency”
This article explains how the Java Virtual Machine manages memory on behalf of the programmer, and how memory and visibility are intimately entwined with Java’s support for concurrent programming and threads.
These first six articles teach you the Java language and get you up and running with the most important concepts of the Java platform. Part II is all about how to get real programming work done in the Java environment. It contains plenty of examples and is designed to complement the cookbook approach found in some other texts. This part includes:
Article 7, “Programming and Documentation Conventions”
This article documents important and widely adopted Java programming conventions. It also explains how you can make your Java code self-documenting by including specially formatted documentation comments.
Article 8, “Working with Java Collections”
This article introduces Java’s standard collections libraries. These contain data structures that are vital to the functioning of virtually every Java program—such as List, Map, and Set. The new Stream abstraction and the relationship between lambda expressions and the collections are explained in detail.
Article 9, “Handling Common Data Formats”
This article discusses how to use Java to work effectively with very common data formats, such as text, numbers, and temporal (date and time) information.
Article 10, “File Handling and I/O”
This article covers several different approaches to file access—from the more classic approach found in older versions of Java, to more modern and even asynchronous styles. The article concludes with a short introduction to networking with the core Java platform APIs.
Article 11, “Classloading, Reflection, and Method Handles”
This article introduces the subtle art of metaprogramming in Java—first introducing the concept of metadata about Java types, then turning to the subject of classloading and how Java’s security model is linked to the dynamic loading of types. The article concludes with some applications of classloading and the relatively new feature of method handles.
Article 12, “Java Platform Modules”
This article describes Java Platform Module System (JPMS), the major feature that was introduced as part of Java 9, and provides an introduction to the wide-ranging changes that it brings.
Article 13, “Platform Tools”
Oracle’s JDK (as well as OpenJDK) includes a number of useful Java development tools, most notably the Java interpreter and the Java compiler. This article documents those tools, as well as the jshell interactive environment and new tools for working with modular Java.
Learning Java, Sixth Edition
This book is organized roughly as follows:
Chapters 1 and 2 provide a basic introduction to Java concepts and a tutorial to give you a jump-start on Java programming.
Chapter 3 discusses fundamental tools for developing with Java (the compiler, the interpreter, jshell, and the JAR file package).
Chapters 4 and 5 introduce programming fundamentals, then describe the Java language itself, beginning with the basic syntax and then covering classes and objects, exceptions, arrays, enumerations, annotations, and much more.
Chapter 6 covers exceptions, errors, and the logging facilities native to Java.
Chapter 7 covers collections alongside generics and parameterized types in Java.
Chapter 8 covers text processing, formatting, scanning, string utilities, and much of the core API utilities.
Chapter 9 covers the language’s built-in thread facilities, including the new virtual threads.
Chapter 10 covers Java file I/O and the NIO package.
Chapter 11 covers function programming techniques in Java.
Chapter 12 covers the basics of graphical user interface (GUI) development with Swing.
Chapter 13 covers network communication for both clients and servers, as well as accessing web resources.
100 Java Mistakes and How to Avoid Them
1 Managing code quality
1.1 Code review and pair programming
1.2 Code style
1.3 Static analysis
1.3.1 Static analysis tools for Java
1.3.2 Using static analyzers
1.3.3 Limitations of static analysis
1.3.4 Suppressing unwanted warnings
1.4 Automated testing
1.5 Mutation coverage
1.6 Dynamic analysis
1.7 Code assertions
2 Expressions
2.1 Mistake 1: Incorrect assumptions about numeric operator precedence
2.1.1 Binary shift
2.1.2 Bitwise operators
2.2 Mistake 2: Missing parentheses in conditions
2.2.1 && and || precedence
2.2.2 Conditional operator and addition
2.2.3 The conditional operator and null check
2.3 Mistake 3: Accidental concatenation instead of addition
2.4 Mistake 4: Multiline string literals
2.5 Mistake 5: Unary plus
2.6 Mistake 6: Implicit type conversion in conditional expressions
2.6.1 Boxed numbers in conditional expressions
2.6.2 Nested conditional expressions
2.7 Mistake 7: Using non-short-circuit logic operators
2.8 Mistake 8: Confusing && and ||
2.9 Mistake 9: Incorrectly using variable arity calls
2.9.1 Ambiguous variable arity calls
2.9.2 Mixing array and collection
2.9.3 Using primitive array in variable arity call
2.10 Mistake 10: Conditional operators and variable arity calls
2.11 Mistake 11: Ignoring an important return value
2.12 Mistake 12: Not using a newly created object
2.13 Mistake 13: Binding a method reference to the wrong method
2.14 Mistake 14: Using the wrong method in a method reference
3 Program structure
3.1 Mistake 15: A malformed if–else chain
3.2 Mistake 16: A condition dominated by a previous condition
3.3 Mistake 17: Accidental pass through in a switch statement
3.4 Mistake 18: Malformed classic for loop
3.5 Mistake 19: Not using the loop variable
3.6 Mistake 20: Wrong loop direction
3.7 Mistake 21: Loop overflow
3.8 Mistake 22: Idempotent loop body
3.9 Mistake 23: Incorrect initialization order
3.9.1 Static fields
3.9.2 Subclass fields
3.9.3 Class initialization order
3.9.4 Enum initialization loop
3.10 Mistake 24: A missing superclass method call
3.11 Mistake 25: Accidental static field declaration
4 Numbers
4.1 Mistake 26: Accidental use of octal literal
4.2 Mistake 27: Numeric overflow
4.2.1 Overflow in Java
4.2.2 Assigning the result of int multiplication to a long variable
4.2.3 File size, time, and financial computations
4.3 Mistake 28: Rounding during integer division
4.4 Mistake 29: Absolute value of Integer.MIN_VALUE
4.5 Mistake 30: Oddness check and negative numbers
4.6 Mistake 31: Widening with precision loss
4.7 Mistake 32: Unconditional narrowing
4.8 Mistake 33: Negative hexadecimal values
4.9 Mistake 34: Implicit type conversion in compound assignments
4.10 Mistake 35: Division and compound assignment
4.11 Mistake 36: Using the short type
4.12 Mistake 37: Manually writing bit-manipulating algorithms
4.13 Mistake 38: Forgetting about negative byte values
4.14 Mistake 39: Incorrect clamping order
4.15 Mistake 40: Misusing special floating-point numbers
4.15.1 Signed zero: +0.0 and –0.0
4.15.2 Not a number: NaN values
4.15.3 Double.MIN_VALUE is not the minimal value
5 Common exceptions
5.1 Mistake 41: NullPointerException
5.1.1 Avoiding nulls and defensive checks
5.1.2 Using Optional instead of null
5.1.3 Nullity annotations
5.2 Mistake 42: IndexOutOfBoundsException
5.3 Mistake 43: ClassCastException
5.3.1 Explicit cast
5.3.2 Generic types and implicit casts
5.3.3 Different class loaders
5.4 Mistake 44: StackOverflowError
5.4.1 Deep but finite recursion
5.4.2 Infinite recursion
6 Strings
6.1 Mistake 45: Assuming that char value is a character
6.2 Mistake 46: Unexpected case conversions
6.3 Mistake 47: Using String.format with the default locale
6.4 Mistake 48: Mismatched format arguments
6.5 Mistake 49: Using plain strings instead of regular expressions
6.6 Mistake 50: Accidental use of replaceAll
6.7 Mistake 51: Accidental use of escape sequences
6.8 Mistake 52: Comparing strings in different case
6.9 Mistake 53: Not checking the result of indexOf method
6.10 Mistake 54: Mixing arguments of indexOf
7 Comparing objects
7.1 Mistake 55: Use of reference equality instead of the equals method
7.2 Mistake 56: Assuming equals() compares content
7.3 Mistake 57: Using URL.equals()
7.4 Mistake 58: Comparing BigDecimals with different scales
7.5 Mistake 59: Using equals() on unrelated types
7.6 Mistake 60: Malformed equals() implementation
7.7 Mistake 61: Wrong hashCode() with array fields
7.8 Mistake 62: Mismatch between equals() and hashCode()
7.9 Mistake 63: Relying on a particular return value of compare()
7.10 Mistake 64: Failing to return 0 when comparing equal objects
7.11 Mistake 65: Using subtraction when comparing numbers
7.12 Mistake 66: Ignoring possible NaN values in comparison methods
7.13 Mistake 67: Failing to represent an object as a sequence of keys in a comparison method
7.14 Mistake 68: Returning random numbers from the comparator
8 Collections and maps
8.1 Mistake 69: Searching the object of unrelated type
8.2 Mistake 70: Mixing up single object and collection
8.3 Mistake 71: Searching for null in a null-hostile collection
8.4 Mistake 72: Using null values in maps
8.5 Mistake 73: Trying to modify an unmodifiable Collection
8.6 Mistake 74: Using mutable objects as keys
8.7 Mistake 75: Relying on HashMap and HashSet encounter order
8.8 Mistake 76: Concurrent modification during the iteration
8.9 Mistake 77: Mixing List.remove() overloads
8.10 Mistake 78: Jumping over the next element after List.remove()
8.11 Mistake 79: Reading the collection inside Collection.removeIf()
8.12 Mistake 80: Concurrent modification in Map.computeIfAbsent()
8.13 Mistake 81: Violating Iterator contracts
9 Library methods
9.1 Mistake 82: Passing char to StringBuilder constructor
9.2 Mistake 83: Producing side effects in a Stream API chain
9.3 Mistake 84: Consuming the stream twice
9.4 Mistake 85: Using null values in a stream where it’s not allowed
9.5 Mistake 86: Violating the contract of Stream API operations
9.6 Mistake 87: Using getClass() instead of instanceof
9.7 Mistake 88: Using getClass() on enums, annotations, or classes
9.8 Mistake 89: Incorrect conversion of string to boolean
9.9 Mistake 90: Incorrect format specifiers in date formatting
9.10 Mistake 91: Accidental invalidation of weak or soft references
9.11 Mistake 92: Assuming the world is stable
9.12 Mistake 93: Non-atomic access to concurrently updated data structures
10 Unit testing
10.1 Mistake 94: Side effect in assert statement
10.2 Mistake 95: Malformed assertion method calls
10.3 Mistake 96: Malformed exception test
10.4 Mistake 97: Premature exit from test method
10.5 Mistake 98: Ignoring the AssertionError in unit tests
10.6 Mistake 99: Using assertNotEquals() to check the equality contract
10.7 Mistake 100: Malformed test methods
appendix A Static analysis annotations
A.1 Annotation packages
A.2 Kinds of annotations
appendix B Extending static analysis tools
B.1 Error Prone plugins
B.2 SpotBugs plugins
B.3 IntelliJ IDEA plugin
B.4 Using structural search and replacement in IntelliJ IDEA
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Category:Java (programming language)
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Pages in category “Java (programming language)”
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Java Vocabulary List (Sorted by Popularity)
Java Programming Language, Java Virtual Machine (JVM), Java Development Kit (JDK), Java Runtime Environment (JRE), Java Class, Java Interface, Java Method, Java Object, Java Package, Java String, Java Integer, Java Array, Java List, Java Map, Java Set, Java Exception, Java Thread, Java Synchronization, Java Generic, Java Annotation, Java Stream, Java Lambda Expression, Java Inheritance, Java Polymorphism, Java Encapsulation, Java Abstraction, Java Access Modifier, Java Constructor, Java Overloading, Java Overriding, Java Collection Framework, Java ArrayList, Java HashMap, Java HashSet, Java LinkedList, Java TreeMap, Java TreeSet, Java Iterator, Java Enumeration, Java File, Java InputStream, Java OutputStream, Java Reader, Java Writer, Java BufferedReader, Java BufferedWriter, Java PrintWriter, Java PrintStream, Java Scanner, Java StringBuilder, Java StringBuffer, Java Character, Java Boolean, Java Double, Java Float, Java Byte, Java Short, Java Long, Java BigInteger, Java BigDecimal, Java ClassLoader, Java Reflection, Java Proxy, Java Dynamic Proxy, Java Inner Class, Java Static Nested Class, Java Anonymous Class, Java Enum, Java Autoboxing, Java Auto-Unboxing, Java Garbage Collection, Java Memory Model, Java Just-In-Time Compilation, Java Classpath, Java Module, Java Module Path, Java Record, Java Sealed Class, Java Switch Expression, Java Pattern Matching for instanceof, Java Text Block, Java Var Keyword, Java Interface Default Method, Java Interface Static Method, Java Functional Interface, Java SAM (Single Abstract Method) Interface, Java Optional, Java Stream API, Java Collectors, Java Parallel Streams, Java Concurrency Package, Java Executor, Java ExecutorService, Java Future, Java CompletableFuture, Java ForkJoinPool, Java ReentrantLock, Java Semaphore, Java CountDownLatch, Java CyclicBarrier, Java Phaser, Java BlockingQueue, Java ConcurrentHashMap, Java AtomicInteger, Java AtomicLong, Java AtomicReference, Java AtomicBoolean, Java Lock Interface, Java ReadWriteLock, Java Condition, Java ThreadLocal, Java Synchronized Keyword, Java Volatile Keyword, Java Notify, Java Wait, Java Monitor, Java ReentrantReadWriteLock, Java ConcurrentLinkedQueue, Java PriorityQueue, Java Deque, Java ArrayDeque, Java SortedMap, Java SortedSet, Java NavigableMap, Java NavigableSet, Java EnumSet, Java EnumMap, Java WeakHashMap, Java LinkedHashMap, Java LinkedHashSet, Java IdentityHashMap, Java TreeMap Comparator, Java HashCode, Java Equals Method, Java CompareTo Method, Java Cloneable Interface, Java Serializable Interface, Java Externalizable Interface, Java Serialization Mechanism, Java ObjectOutputStream, Java ObjectInputStream, Java Transient Keyword, Java Persistence, Java JDBC (Java Database Connectivity), Java SQL Package, Java PreparedStatement, Java ResultSet, Java DriverManager, Java Connection, Java Statement, Java CallableStatement, Java RowSet, Java Bean, Java PropertyDescriptor, Java Introspector, Java BeanInfo, Java Enterprise Edition, Java Servlet, Java ServletContext, Java HttpServlet, Java HttpServletRequest, Java HttpServletResponse, Java Session, Java Filter, Java Listener, Java JSP (Java Server Pages), Java Expression Language, Java JSTL (JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library), Java JDBC RowSet, Java DataSource, Java JNDI (Java Naming and Directory Interface), Java RMI (Remote Method Invocation), Java RMI Registry, Java RMI Stub, Java RMI Skeleton, Java RMI Remote Interface, Java CORBA Support, Java IDL, Java NamingException, Java InitialContext, Java Context Lookup, Java Message Service (JMS), Java Mail API, Java Bean Validation, Java Security Manager, Java Policy, Java Permission, Java AccessController, Java PrivilegedAction, Java KeyStore, Java TrustStore, Java SSLContext, Java Cipher, Java MessageDigest, Java KeyFactory, Java SecretKey, Java PublicKey, Java PrivateKey, Java Certificate, Java SecureRandom, Java SecureClassLoader, Java GSS-API (Generic Security Services), Java SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer), Java JAAS (Java Authentication and Authorization Service), Java Kerberos Integration, Java PKI (Public Key Infrastructure), Java JCE (Java Cryptography Extension), Java JCA (Java Cryptography Architecture), Java AWT (Abstract Window Toolkit), Java Swing, Java JFrame, Java JPanel, Java JLabel, Java JButton, Java JTextField, Java JTextArea, Java JScrollPane, Java JList, Java JComboBox, Java JTable, Java JTree, Java JDialog, Java JOptionPane, Java JProgressBar, Java JSlider, Java JSpinner, Java BoxLayout, Java BorderLayout, Java FlowLayout, Java GridLayout, Java GridBagLayout, Java CardLayout, Java LayoutManager, Java Drag and Drop, Java Clipboard, Java ImageIO, Java BufferedImage, Java Graphics2D, Java Font, Java Color, Java GradientPaint, Java TexturePaint, Java Stroke, Java Shape, Java AffineTransform, Java Path2D, Java BasicStroke, Java RenderingHints, Java GraphicsEnvironment, Java Robot, Java PrintService, Java PrinterJob, Java Paint Event, Java SwingUtilities, Java Pluggable LookAndFeel, Java Metal LookAndFeel, Java Nimbus LookAndFeel, Java Accessibility API, Java Sound API, Java MIDI, Java Clip, Java AudioInputStream, Java Sequencer, Java Synthesizer, Java Line, Java Port, Java Mixer, Java DataLine, Java Applet, Java Web Start, Java FX (JavaFX), Java SceneGraph, Java Node (JavaFX), Java Stage (JavaFX), Java Scene (JavaFX), Java Pane (JavaFX), Java GridPane, Java BorderPane, Java HBox, Java VBox, Java StackPane, Java AnchorPane, Java FlowPane, Java TilePane, Java Label (JavaFX), Java Button (JavaFX), Java TextField (JavaFX), Java TextArea (JavaFX), Java ChoiceBox, Java ComboBox (JavaFX), Java ListView, Java TableView, Java TreeView, Java WebView, Java Observable, Java Property (JavaFX), Java Binding (JavaFX), Java CSS (JavaFX), Java FXML, Java MediaPlayer, Java SwingNode, Java HTMLEditor (JavaFX), Java Concurrency in JavaFX, Java ScheduledExecutorService, Java Timer, Java TimerTask, Java ThreadPoolExecutor, Java WorkStealingPool, Java Callable, Java Runnable, Java FutureTask, Java LockSupport, Java Phaser Parties, Java Thread Dump, Java Heap Dump, Java Flight Recorder, Java Mission Control, Java JVMTI (JVM Tool Interface), Java JMX (Java Management Extensions), Java MBean, Java MBeanServer, Java MXBean, Java GarbageCollectorMXBean, Java MemoryMXBean, Java OperatingSystemMXBean, Java ThreadMXBean, Java CompilationMXBean, Java ClassLoadingMXBean, Java PlatformManagedObject, Java Instrumentation API, Java Attach API, Java JVMDebugger, Java JDWP (Java Debug Wire Protocol), Java JDI (Java Debug Interface), Java JShell, Java Scripting API, Java Nashorn (JavaScript Engine), Java XML Processing, Java DOM Parser, Java SAX Parser, Java StAX Parser, Java JAXB (Java Architecture for XML Binding), Java JAXP (Java API for XML Processing), Java SOAP, Java JAX-WS (Java API for XML Web Services), Java RESTful Web Services (JAX-RS), Java JSON Processing (JSON-P), Java JSON Binding (JSON-B), Java CDI (Contexts and Dependency Injection), Java EJB (Enterprise JavaBeans), Java JMS (Java Message Service), Java JTA (Java Transaction API), Java Bean Validation (JSR 380), Java Dependency Injection Frameworks, Java Spring Framework, Java Spring Boot, Java Hibernate (Java Persistence Framework), Java JPA (Java Persistence API), Java JAX-RPC (Java API for XML-based RPC), Java AppServer, Java GlassFish, Java WildFly, Java Liberty Profile, Java Tomcat, Java Jetty, Java Undertow, Java OSGi (Open Service Gateway Initiative), Java Pax Exam, Java RAP (Remote Application Platform), Java RCP (Rich Client Platform), Java Equinox, Java Tycho Build, Java Lombok, Java Guava, Java SLF4J (Simple Logging Facade for Java), Java Logback, Java JUL (Java Util Logging), Java Log4j, Java Commons Collections, Java Commons IO, Java Commons Lang, Java HTTPClient, Java URLConnection, Java URI Class, Java URL Class, Java Cookie Handler, Java HTTPServer, Java WebSocket API, Java AppletViewer, Java RMIClassLoader, Java JVMPauseDetector, Java Memory Settings, Java System Properties, Java Environment Variables (As Accessed by Java), Java ServiceLoader, Java SPI (Service Provider Interface), Java Instrumentation Rewriting, Java Agent Attaching, Java Runtime Exec, Java ProcessHandle, Java ProcessBuilder, Java ScriptingEngineManager, Java ScriptEngine, Java ScriptContext, Java CompiledScript, Java FX Application Thread, Java FXProperty, Java FXObservableValue, Java FXKeyFrame, Java FXTimeline, Java FXTransition, Java FXImageView, Java FXCanvas, Java FX3D Features, Java AOT Compilation (jaotc), Java GraalVM Integration, Java JNI (Java Native Interface), Java NIO (Non-Blocking I/O), Java Path, Java Files Class, Java FileSystem, Java FileChannel, Java AsynchronousFileChannel, Java Socket, Java ServerSocket, Java DatagramSocket, Java MulticastSocket, Java SocketChannel, Java ServerSocketChannel, Java DatagramChannel, Java Pipe, Java FileLock, Java MappedByteBuffer, Java CharsetDecoder, Java CharsetEncoder, Java SecretKeySpec, Java KeySpec, Java KeyPair, Java KeyAgreement, Java KeyGenerator, Java Mac (Message Authentication Code), Java PolicySpi, Java SecureRandomSpi, Java CertPath, Java CertPathBuilder, Java CertPathValidator, Java TrustManager, Java KeyManager, Java SSLSession, Java SSLSocket, Java SSLServerSocket, Java SSLEngine, Java SSLParameters, Java HttpsURLConnection, Java DomainCombiner, Java Principal, Java Subject, Java LoginContext, Java CallbackHandler, Java TextField (Swing), Java TextPane, Java StyledDocument, Java AttributeSet, Java StyleConstants, Java AbstractDocument, Java DocumentFilter, Java Caret, Java Highlighter, Java UndoManager, Java DefaultStyledDocument, Java ViewFactory, Java EditorKit, Java KeyStroke, Java ActionMap, Java InputMap, Java RootPane, Java GlassPane, Java LayeredPane, Java MenuBar, Java MenuItem, Java JMenu, Java JMenuItem, Java JCheckBoxMenuItem, Java JRadioButtonMenuItem, Java PopupMenu, Java Popup, Java TooltipManager, Java DesktopManager, Java InternalFrame, Java InternalFrameUI, Java InternalFrameAdapter, Java DockingFrames, Java SystemTray, Java TrayIcon, Java Robot Class, Java PrintServiceLookup, Java FlavorMap, Java Transferable, Java DataFlavor, Java DragGestureRecognizer, Java DropMode, Java DropTargetAutoScroll, Java DropTargetContext, Java DropTargetListener, Java DropTargetDragEvent, Java DropTargetDropEvent, Java BasicLookAndFeel Class, Java SynthLookAndFeel, Java UIDefaults, Java UIManager, Java ClientPropertyKey, Java ImageIOSpi, Java ImageWriter, Java ImageReader, Java ImageInputStream, Java ImageOutputStream, Java IIOMetadata, Java BufferedImageOp, Java ColorModel, Java WritableRaster, Java IndexColorModel, Java Raster, Java RenderedImage, Java WritableRenderedImage, Java ImageTranscoder, Java ImageWriterSpi, Java ImageReaderSpi, Java Soundbank, Java MidiChannel, Java MidiDevice, Java MidiEvent, Java Sequence, Java MidiFileFormat, Java SoundFont, Java AudioSystem, Java AudioFormat, Java DataLine.Info, Java LineEvent, Java LineListener, Java Clip Class, Java SourceDataLine, Java TargetDataLine, Java Port.Info, Java Mixer.Info, Java Gervill (SoftSynthesizer), Java AccessBridge, Java AWTEvent, Java KeyEvent, Java MouseEvent, Java FocusEvent, Java WindowEvent, Java ComponentEvent, Java AdjustmentEvent, Java ContainerEvent, Java InputMethodEvent, Java HierarchyEvent, Java InvocationEvent, Java PaintEvent, Java DropTargetEvent, Java Peer Interface, Java AWTEventMulticaster, Java Toolkit, Java Desktop, Java GraphicsConfiguration, Java GraphicsDevice, Java AWTKeyStroke, Java TextHitInfo, Java TextLayout, Java TextAttribute, Java FontRenderContext, Java AttributedString, Java LineBreakMeasurer, Java Bidi, Java BreakIterator, Java Collator, Java Locale, Java ResourceBundle, Java Formatter, Java Format Conversion, Java SimpleDateFormat, Java DecimalFormat, Java MessageFormat, Java ChoiceFormat, Java ScannerDelimiter, Java System.Logger, Java Logger, Java Level, Java LogRecord, Java ConsoleHandler, Java FileHandler, Java MemoryHandler, Java SocketHandler, Java SimpleFormatter, Java XMLFormatter, Java Preferences, Java PreferenceChangeEvent, Java NodeChangeEvent, Java PrinterException, Java PrinterAbortException, Java PrintException, Java PrintQuality, Java PrintServiceAttribute, Java ServiceUI, Java Pageable, Java Printable, Java Book, Java TablePrintable, Java StreamPrintService, Java StreamPrintServiceFactory, Java Filer (Annotation Processing), Java Messager, Java ProcessingEnvironment, Java Element, Java ElementKind, Java ElementVisitor, Java PackageElement, Java TypeElement, Java VariableElement, Java ExecutableElement, Java AnnotationMirror, Java AnnotationValue, Java AnnotationProcessor, Java RoundEnvironment, Java TypeMirror, Java DeclaredType, Java ArrayType, Java TypeVariable, Java WildcardType, Java NoType, Java ErrorType, Java UnionType, Java IntersectionType, Java JavacTool, Java StandardJavaFileManager, Java Diagnostic, Java DiagnosticCollector, Java ForwardingJavaFileManager, Java ForwardingJavaFileObject, Java ForwardingJavaFileObject, Java SPI ServiceLoader, Java ToolProvider, Java DocumentationTool, Java JavaCompiler, Java JShellTool, Java DiagnosticListener, Java CompilationTask, Java ModuleElement, Java ModuleLayer, Java ModuleDescriptor, Java ModuleFinder
OLD before GPT Pro: Abstract Classes, Abstract Methods, Abstract Window Toolkit, Access Control Exception, Access Modifiers, Accessible Object, AccessController Class, Action Event, Action Listener, Action Performed Method, Adapter Classes, Adjustment Event, Adjustment Listener, Annotation Processing Tool, Annotations, AnnotationTypeMismatchException, Anonymous Classes, Applet Class, Applet Context, Applet Lifecycle Methods, Application Class Data Sharing, Array Blocking Queue, Array Index Out of Bounds Exception, Array List, Array Store Exception, Arrays Class, Assertion Error, Assertions, Assignment Operator, Asynchronous File Channel, Atomic Boolean, Atomic Integer, Atomic Long, Atomic Reference, Attribute Set, Audio Clip, Authentication Mechanisms, Auto Closeable Interface, Auto Boxing, AWT Components, AWT Event Queue, AWT Listeners, AWT Toolkit, Backing Store, Background Compilation, Batch Updates, Bean Context, Bean Descriptors, Bean Info, Big Decimal Class, Big Integer Class, Binary Compatibility, Binding Utilities, Bit Set Class, Bitwise Operators in Java, Blocking Queue Interface, Boolean Class, Bounded Wildcards, Breakpoint, Buffered Input Stream, Buffered Output Stream, Buffered Reader, Buffered Writer, BufferOverflowException, BufferUnderflowException, Button Class, Byte Array Input Stream, Byte Array Output Stream, Byte Order, ByteBuffer Class, Bytecode Instructions, Bytecode Verifier, Callable Interface, Callable Statement, Calendar Class, Canvas Class, Card Layout, Caret Listener, Case Sensitivity in Java, Casting in Java, Catch Block, Certificate Exception, Character Class, Character Encoding, Character Set, Character.UnicodeBlock, Charset Class, Checked Exceptions, Checkbox Class, Choice Component, Class Class, Class Files, Class Loader, Class Loader Hierarchy, Class Loading Mechanism, Class Not Found Exception, Class Object, Class Path, ClassCastException, ClassCircularityError, ClassFormatError, ClassLoader, ClassNotFoundException, Clone Method, CloneNotSupportedException, Cloneable Interface, Clipboard Class, Cloneable Interface, ClosedChannelException, Collections Framework, Collections Utility Class, Collector Interface, Collectors Class, Color Class, Column Major Order, Comparable Interface, Comparator Interface, Compiler API, Compiler Directives, Compiler Optimization, Component Class, Component Event, Component Listener, Composite Pattern, ConcurrentHashMap, ConcurrentLinkedQueue, ConcurrentModificationException, ConcurrentNavigableMap, ConcurrentSkipListMap, ConcurrentSkipListSet, Condition Interface, Connection Interface, Console Class, Constructor Overloading, Consumer Interface, Container Class, ContainerEvent, Content Handler, ContentHandlerFactory, Context Class Loader, Continue Statement, Control Flow Statements, CountDownLatch Class, CRC32 Class, Credential Management, Critical Section, CyclicBarrier Class, Daemon Threads, Data Class, Data Input Interface, Data Input Stream, Data Output Interface, Data Output Stream, Data Truncation Exception, Date Class, Daylight Saving Time Handling, Deadlock in Java, Debugging Techniques, DecimalFormat Class, Default Methods in Interfaces, Deflater Class, Deprecated Annotation, Design Patterns in Java, Desktop Class, Diamond Operator, Dialog Class, Dictionary Class, DigestInputStream, DigestOutputStream, Direct Byte Buffer, DirectoryStream Interface, Document Object Model, DOM Parsing in Java, Double Brace Initialization, Double Class, Drag and Drop API, Driver Manager, Drop Shadow Effect, Dynamic Binding, Dynamic Proxy Classes, Element Interface, Ellipse2D Class, EmptyStackException, Encapsulation in Java, Enum Classes, Enum Constant, EnumSet Class, Enumeration Interface, EOFException, Error Handling in Java, Error Prone Practices, Event Delegation Model, Event Handling Mechanism, Event Listener Interfaces, Event Object, Event Queue, EventQueue Class, Exception Chaining, Exception Handling Mechanism, Executable Jar Files, Executor Interface, Executor Service, Executors Class, Expression Evaluation, Extends Keyword, Externalizable Interface, File Class, File Channel, File Descriptor, File Filter Interface, File Input Stream, File Lock Mechanism, File Output Stream, File Permission, File Reader, File Writer, FileDialog Class, FilenameFilter Interface, FileNotFoundException, Final Classes, Final Keyword, Finally Block, Finalize Method, Finalizer Guardian Idiom, Float Class, Flow Layout, Flow API, Focus Listener, Font Class, For Each Loop, ForkJoinPool Class, Formatter Class, Frame Class, Functional Interfaces, Future Interface, FutureTask Class, Garbage Collection Mechanism, Garbage Collector, Generics in Java, Generic Methods, Generic Types, Geometry Classes, Glyph Vector, GradientPaint Class, Graphics Class, Graphics2D Class, Grid Bag Constraints, Grid Bag Layout, Grid Layout, GregorianCalendar Class, Group Layout, GUI Components in Java, GZIPInputStream, GZIPOutputStream, Hash Collision, Hash Function, Hash Map Class, Hash Set Class, Hashtable Class, HashCode Method, Headless Exception, Heap Memory, Hello World Program in Java, Hierarchical Inheritance, High-Level Concurrency API, HTTP Client in Java, HTTP Server in Java, Icon Interface, Identifier Naming Convention, If Statement, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalMonitorStateException, IllegalStateException, IllegalThreadStateException, Image Class, ImageIcon Class, Immutable Classes, Import Statement, InaccessibleObjectException, Inheritance in Java, InitialContext Class, Inner Classes, Input Method Framework, Input Stream, InputStreamReader Class, Instance Initializer Block, Instance Variables, InstantiationException, Integer Class, Integer Overflow and Underflow, InterruptedException, InterruptedIOException, Interface in Java, InternalError, Internationalization, IO Exception, IO Streams in Java, Iterable Interface, Iterator Interface, Jar Entry, Jar File, JarInputStream Class, JarOutputStream Class, Java Access Bridge, Java Annotations, Java API Documentation, Java Applets, Java Archive (JAR), Java Beans, Java Bytecode, Java Class Library, Java Collections Framework, Java Community Process, Java Compiler, Java Database Connectivity (JDBC), Java Development Kit (JDK), Java Documentation Comments, Java Flight Recorder, Java Garbage Collector, Java Generics, Java Memory Model, Java Native Interface (JNI), Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI), Java Network Launching Protocol (JNLP), Java Platform, Java Plugin, Java Reflection API, Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI), Java Runtime Environment (JRE), Java Security Manager, Java Serialization, Java Server Pages (JSP), Java Stream API, Java Swing, Java Virtual Machine (JVM), Java Web Start, JavaFX Platform, javax Package, Javadoc Tool, JAR Signing Mechanism, JDBC API, JDBC Drivers, JFrame Class, JIT Compiler, JLabel Class, JLayeredPane Class, JList Component, JMenu Component, JOptionPane Class, JPanel Class, JPasswordField Component, JProgressBar Component, JScrollBar Component, JScrollPane Component, JSeparator Component, JSlider Component, JSplitPane Component, JTabbedPane Component, JTable Component, JTextArea Component, JTextField Component, JTextPane Component, JToolBar Component, JTree Component, JVM Arguments, JVM Memory Model, Key Event, Key Listener Interface, Key Stroke Class, KeyException, KeySpec Interface, Keyword in Java, Label Class, Lambda Expressions in Java, Layout Manager, LayoutManager2 Interface, Lazy Initialization, Leaf Nodes, Legacy Classes in Java, LineNumberReader Class, Linked Blocking Queue, Linked Hash Map, Linked Hash Set, Linked List Class, List Interface, List Iterator Interface, Listener Interfaces in Java, Load Factor in HashMap, Locale Class, Lock Interface, Logger Class, Logging API in Java, Long Class, Main Method in Java, MalformedURLException, Map Interface, Map.Entry Interface, Marker Interface, Math Class, Media Tracker, Memory Leak in Java, Memory Management in Java, Menu Class, Message Digest, Method Chaining, Method Overloading, Method Overriding, Methods in Java, MIDI Devices in Java, Mouse Adapter Class, Mouse Event, Mouse Listener Interface, Multi-Catch Exception, Multi-Level Inheritance, Multicast Socket, Multidimensional Arrays, Mutable Objects in Java, Naming Convention in Java, Native Methods, Navigable Map, Navigable Set, Nested Classes in Java, Network Interface Class, NoClassDefFoundError, NoSuchFieldException, NoSuchMethodException, Non-Blocking IO (NIO), Null Pointer Exception, Number Class, Number Format Exception, NumberFormat Class, Object Class, Object Cloning, Object Input Stream, Object Oriented Programming, Object Output Stream, Object Serialization in Java, Observer Pattern, Observable Class, OpenGL in Java, Optional Class, OutOfMemoryError, Override Annotation, Package Declaration, Packages in Java, Paint Interface, Panel Class, Parallel Garbage Collector, Parameter Passing in Java, ParseException, Path Interface, Pattern Class, Piped Input Stream, Piped Output Stream, PixelGrabber Class, Point Class, Polymorphism in Java, Prepared Statement, Primitive Data Types in Java, PrintStream Class, PrintWriter Class, Priority Blocking Queue, Priority Queue Class, Private Access Modifier, Process Class, Process Builder Class, Progress Monitor Class, Properties Class, Protected Access Modifier, Proxy Class, Public Access Modifier, Queue Interface, RadioButton Class, Random Access File, Reader Class, ReadWriteLock Interface, Rectangle Class, Recursive Methods, Reflection API in Java, Reference Queue, Regular Expressions in Java, Remote Method Invocation (RMI), Render Quality, Repeatable Annotations, Resource Bundle Class, Resource Leak in Java, ResultSet Interface, ResultSetMetaData Interface, Retry Logic in Java, Return Statement in Java, Runnable Interface, Runtime Class, Runtime Error, Runtime Exception, Runtime Permissions, Runtime Polymorphism, Scanner Class, Scheduling in Java, Script Engine, Scroll Bar Component, Scroll Pane Component, Security Exception, Security Manager, Semaphore Class, Sequence Input Stream, Serializable Interface, ServerSocket Class, Service Loader, Set Interface, Setter Methods, Shared Memory in Java, Short Class, Single Inheritance, Singleton Pattern in Java, Socket Class, SocketTimeoutException, Sorted Map, Sorted Set, Splash Screen, Spring Framework, SQLException, SSL Socket, Stack Class, StackOverflowError, Standard Edition of Java, StandardOpenOption, Statement Interface, StreamTokenizer Class, Strictfp Keyword, String Buffer Class, String Builder Class, String Class, String Constant Pool, StringIndexOutOfBoundsException, String Interning, String Literal in Java, String Pool in Java, String Tokenizer Class, Strong Typing in Java, Structural Patterns, Stub Class, Subclasses in Java, Superclass in Java, Supplier Interface, Support Classes, Swing Components, Swing Timer, Switch Statement in Java, Synchronized Block, Synchronized Method, System Class, System Properties in Java, Tab Pane Component, Table Model Interface, TCP Connection in Java, Template Method Pattern, Text Area Component, Text Field Component, Text Listener Interface, Thread Class, Thread Group, Thread Interruption, Thread Local Class, Thread Priority, Thread Safety in Java, Thread Scheduling, Throwable Class, Time Zone Class, Timer Class, Timer Task Class, Toolkit Class, ToolTip Manager, Transferable Interface, Transient Keyword, Tree Map Class, Tree Set Class, Try With Resources Statement, Type Erasure in Java, Type Inference in Java, Type Parameters, UI Manager Class, Unary Operator Interface, Unchecked Exceptions, UndeclaredThrowableException, Unicode Support in Java, Unmodifiable Collection, Unsafe Class, URL Class, URLConnection Class, URLDecoder Class, URLEncoder Class, URLStreamHandler Class, URLClassLoader Class, User Interface Components, Varargs in Java, Variable Arguments, Variable Scope in Java, Vector Class, Vendor-Specific Extensions, Viewport Class, Virtual Machine in Java, Volatile Keyword, Wait and Notify Methods, Weak Hash Map, Weak Reference, While Loop in Java, Wildcard Generic Types, Window Adapter Class, Window Event, Window Listener Interface, Wrapper Classes in Java, Write Once Run Anywhere, XML Binding in Java, XML Parsing in Java, XML Schema in Java, XPath Expression in Java, XSLT Transformation in Java, Yield Method in Thread, Zip Entry, Zip File, Zip Input Stream, Zip Output Stream, ZoneId Class, ZoneOffset Class
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