Table of Contents
UNIX-based Distros - Operating System Distributions based on UNIX
Return to UNIX, Unix Glossary, FreeBSD-based Distros, History of UNIX, Debian-based Distros, Fedora-based Distros, Linux Glossary, Linux Glossary
Provide a list of the top 40 UNIX-based distributions sorted by the most commonly used. For each UNIX distro include a brief description and the URL for the official documentation. Answer using MediaWiki format.
Here's a list of the top 40 UNIX-based distributions sorted by popularity, along with brief descriptions and URLs for their official documentation:
1. macOS: Apple's proprietary UNIX-based operating system, known for its user-friendly interface, stability, and integration with Apple hardware and software ecosystem.
39. FreeBSD: A widely used Unix-like operating system known for its advanced networking, security features, and compatibility with various hardware platforms.
3. OpenBSD: A security-focused variant of BSD Unix, known for its proactive approach to security and focus on code correctness and auditability.
4. Solaris: An enterprise-grade UNIX operating system developed by Sun Microsystems (now Oracle), known for its scalability, reliability, and advanced features.
5. HP-UX: Hewlett Packard's proprietary UNIX-based operating system, designed for use on HP's Itanium and PA-RISC-based servers, known for its reliability and scalability.
6. AIX: IBM's proprietary UNIX operating system, known for its robustness, scalability, and advanced features, designed for IBM's Power Systems servers.
7. NetBSD: A highly portable UNIX-like operating system known for its ability to run on a wide range of hardware platforms, from embedded systems to mainframes.
8. IRIX: A UNIX operating system developed by Silicon Graphics, known for its advanced graphics capabilities and widespread use in the entertainment and scientific computing industries.
- Docs: //techpubs.sgi.com/library/tpl/cgi-bin/home.cgi 9. [[Tru64 UNIX (formerly Digital UNIX): A UNIX operating system developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), known for its scalability and clustering capabilities.
10. UNIX System V: A family of UNIX operating systems developed by AT&T and various vendors, known for its standardization efforts and widespread use in commercial environments.
11. DragonFly [[BSD]]: A fork of FreeBSD designed for scalability and performance, featuring a unique kernel architecture and advanced clustering capabilities.
12. SCO UnixWare: A UNIX operating system developed by The Santa Cruz Operation (SCO), known for its reliability, scalability, and support for industry-standard hardware.
13. Dynix: A UNIX operating system developed by Sequent Computer Systems and later acquired by IBM, known for its support for symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) systems.
- Docs: //manmrk.net/tutorials/DYNIX 14. [[OpenServer: A UNIX operating system developed by The Santa Cruz Operation (SCO), known for its reliability, compatibility, and ease of use in small-to-medium-sized businesses.
15. Ultrix: A UNIX operating system developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), known for its support for DEC's VAX and DECstation hardware platforms.
16. UnixWare: A UNIX operating system developed by The Santa Cruz Operation (SCO), known for its reliability, scalability, and support for industry-standard hardware.
17. DG/UX: A UNIX operating system developed by Data General Corporation, known for its support for Data General's MV series and AViiON hardware platforms.
18. OSF/1: A UNIX operating system developed by the Open Software Foundation (OSF), known for its support for Digital Equipment Corporation's Alpha hardware platform.
19. [[BSD/OS]]: A UNIX operating system developed by Berkeley Software Design, Inc. (BSDi), known for its support for Intel x86 hardware and focus on Internet and networking technologies.
20. Sequent Dynix/ptx:
A UNIX [[operating system]] developed by Sequent Computer Systems, known for its support for Symmetry multiprocessing (SMP) systems and focus on enterprise computing.
- Docs: //manmrk.net/tutorials/DYNIX 21. [[Venix: One of the earliest UNIX-like operating systems, developed by VenturCom, known for its compatibility with the IBM PC platform and support for early PC hardware.
22. Microware OS-9: A real-time operating system (RTOS) with UNIX-like features developed by Microware Systems Corporation, known for its support for embedded systems and consumer electronics.
23. MINIX: A lightweight UNIX-like operating system developed by Andrew S. Tanenbaum, known for its use as a teaching tool in operating system courses and its focus on simplicity and modularity.
24. QNX: A real-time operating system (RTOS) developed by QNX Software Systems (now owned by BlackBerry), known for its microkernel architecture and reliability in embedded systems.
25. Dynix/ptx: A UNIX operating system developed by Sequent Computer Systems, known for its support for Symmetry multiprocessing (SMP) systems and focus on enterprise computing.
- Docs: //manmrk.net/tutorials/DYNIX 26. [[Unix System III: One of the early versions of UNIX developed by AT&T, known for its contributions to UNIX standardization efforts and widespread use in commercial environments.
27. Unix System V: A family of UNIX operating systems developed by AT&T and various vendors, known for its standardization efforts and widespread use in commercial environments.
28. IRIX: A UNIX operating system developed by Silicon Graphics, known for its advanced graphics capabilities and widespread use in the entertainment and scientific computing industries.
- Docs: //techpubs.sgi.com/library/tpl/cgi-bin/home.cgi 29. [[[[BSD/OS]]: A UNIX operating system developed by Berkeley Software Design, Inc. (BSDi), known for its support for Intel x86 hardware and focus on Internet and networking technologies.
30. Ultrix: A UNIX operating system developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), known for its support for DEC's VAX and DECstation hardware platforms.
31. SunOS: An earlier version of the Solaris operating system developed by Sun Microsystems, known for its stability, scalability, and early contributions to the UNIX ecosystem.
32. OSF/1: A UNIX operating system developed by the Open Software Foundation (OSF), known for its support for Digital Equipment Corporation's Alpha hardware platform.
33. Tru64 UNIX (formerly Digital UNIX): A UNIX operating system developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), known for its scalability and clustering capabilities.
35. HP-UX: Hewlett Packard's proprietary UNIX-based operating system, designed for use on HP's Itanium and PA-RISC-based servers, known for its reliability and scalability.
36. OpenBSD: A security-focused variant of BSD Unix, known for its proactive approach to security and focus on code correctness and auditability.
37. NetBSD: A highly portable UNIX-like operating system known for its ability to run on a wide range of hardware platforms, from embedded systems to mainframes.
These distributions showcase the diversity and longevity of UNIX-based operating systems, with each offering unique features and capabilities tailored to specific use cases and industries.
UNIXLinux distribution
UNIX: UNIX Glossary, Operating Systems based on UNIX, Unix kernel, Unix commands-Unix Shells-Unix CLI-GNU-Unix GUI-X11, Unix DevOps-Unix development-Unix system programming-Bash-zsh-Unix API, Unix package managers, Unix configuration management (Ansible on Unix, Chef on Unix, Puppet on Unix, PowerShell on Unix), Unix Distros (FreeBSD-OpenBSD, BSD, macOS), Unix networking, Unix storage, Unix secrets, Unix security (Unix IAM-LDAP-Unix Firewall-Unix Proxy), Unix docs, Unix GitHub, Unix Containers, Unix VM, Unix on AWS, Unix on Azure, Unix on GCP, Unix on IBM, Unix on Mainframe (Unix on IBM Z mainframe - Unix for System z - IBM LinuxONE), Embedded Unix, Unix IoT-Unix on Raspberry Pi, UnixOps-Unix sysadmin, systemd-userland-kernel space-POSIX-SUS-Unix filesystem-Unix architecture, Unix books-Linux books, Unix courses, Linux Foundation, Unix history, Unix philosophy, Unix adoption, Unix glossary, Unix topics (navbar_unix and navbar_linux - see also navbar_freebsd)
Linux, kernel, systemd, init, GRUB (GRand Unified Bootloader), initramfs, ext4 (Fourth Extended Filesystem), XFS, Btrfs (B-Tree File System), zram, zswap, cgroups (Control Groups), namespaces, selinux (Security-Enhanced Linux), AppArmor, iptables, nftables, firewalld, auditd, journald, syslog, logrotate, dmesg, udev, eBPF (Extended Berkeley Packet Filter), KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine), QEMU (Quick Emulator), VirtIO, LXC (Linux Containers), Docker, Podman, CRI-O, Kubernetes Integration, etcd, Linux Control Groups, LXD (Linux Daemon), Snap, Flatpak, AppImage, RPM (Red Hat Package Manager), dpkg (Debian Package Manager), APT (Advanced Package Tool), YUM (Yellowdog Updater, Modified), DNF (Dandified YUM), Pacman, Zypper, Portage, emerge, Nix, pkg-config, ldconfig, make, cmake, autoconf, automake, configure, GCC (GNU Compiler Collection), Clang, glibc (GNU C Library), musl, libstdc++, libc, binutils, GNU Coreutils, Bash (Bourne Again Shell), Zsh (Z Shell), Fish Shell, dash, sh, SSH (Secure Shell), sshd (SSH Daemon), scp (Secure Copy), rsync, SCP (Secure Copy Protocol), wget, curl, ftp, sftp, TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol), NFS (Network File System), CIFS (Common Internet File System), Samba, autofs, mount, umount, lsblk, blkid, parted, fdisk, gdisk, mkfs, fsck, tune2fs, xfs_repair, btrfs-progs, mdadm (Multiple Device Admin), RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks), LVM (Logical Volume Manager), thin provisioning, lvcreate, lvremove, vgcreate, vgremove, pvcreate, pvremove, multipath-tools, ISCSI (Internet Small Computer Systems Interface), nvme-cli, dm-crypt, cryptsetup, LUKS (Linux Unified Key Setup), dracut, GRUB Customizer, PXE (Preboot Execution Environment), tftpboot, Syslinux, LiveCD, LiveUSB, mkbootdisk, dd, cpio, tar, gzip, bzip2, xz, 7zip, zstd, rsyslog, sysctl, lsmod, modprobe, depmod, modinfo, insmod, rmmod, kmod, dkms (Dynamic Kernel Module Support), kernel tuning, kernel headers, kernel modules, patch, diff, strace, ltrace, ptrace, perf, htop, top, iotop, atop, vmstat, mpstat, sar, dstat, iostat, uptime, free, df, du, ps, pidstat, nice, renice, kill, pkill, killall, jobs, bg, fg, wait, nohup, screen, tmux, cron, crontab, at, anacron, systemctl, service, chkconfig, rc-update, update-rc.d, ntpd (Network Time Protocol Daemon), chronyd, hwclock, timedatectl, ntpdate, ufw (Uncomplicated Firewall), iptables-save, iptables-restore, fail2ban, denyhosts, tcp_wrappers, libcap, setcap, getcap, auditctl, ausearch, kernel parameters, boot parameters, sysfs, procfs, debugfs, tmpfs, ramfs, overlayfs, aufs, bind mounts, chroot, pivot_root, overlay2, network namespaces, bridge-utils, iproute2, ip, ifconfig, route, netstat, ss, arp, ping, traceroute, mtr, tcpdump, ngrep, nmap, arp-scan, ethtool, iwconfig, iw, wpa_supplicant, hostapd, dnsmasq, networkmanager, nmcli, nmtui, system-config-network, dhclient, dhcpd, isc-dhcp-server, bind9, named, unbound, nslookup, dig, resolvconf, iptables, nftables, firewalld, conntrack, ipset, snort, suricata, tcp_wrappers, rkhunter, chkrootkit, clamav, lynis, openvpn, strongswan, libreswan, openconnect, network namespaces, virtual ethernet, veth, tap interfaces, tun interfaces, vlan, bridge, brctl, ovs-vsctl, openvswitch, macvlan, ipvlan, bonding, teamd, network teaming, multipath, multipath-tools, route tables, ip rule, ip route, policy routing, qos, tc (Traffic Control), htb, fq_codel, cake, iptables NAT, iptables MASQUERADE, squid, socks5, privoxy, tor, iptables DNAT, iptables SNAT, iptables REDIRECT, conntrack, stateful firewall, stateless firewall, tcp_window_scaling, tcp_timestamps, tcp_sack, tcp_rmem, tcp_wmem, tcp_no_metrics_save, tcp_ecn, netem, ip6tables, ipset, ebtables, arptables, bridge-nf, br_netfilter, openvswitch, gre tunnels, ipip tunnels, vxlan, gretap, macsec, macvlan, ipvlan, wireguard, strongswan, libreswan, xfrm, ipsec, isakmpd, racoon, openswan, ikev2, ikev1, vpn tunnels, gre tunnels, vxlan tunnels, fou tunnels, ipip tunnels.
Linux Core Utilities commands - GNU Core Utilities command-line interface programs
This list should really only include standard universal commands that come with GNU Core Utilities.
- tac
This should really only include standard universal commands that come with all Linux distributions adhering to the Single UNIX Specification.
Really this is “Unix programs”, since there are no commands in Unix, they are programs except for shell builtins.
Unix command-line interface programs and shell builtins:
Unix user environment commands:
[[env]]
Unix text processing commands:
[[alias (command) ]] | [[ alias]]
Note: Networking is not part of SUS
Unix network utility commands:
Unix software development commands: Note: There are a huge number of Linux software development tools / Unix software development tools; this list should be restricted to ones that are standardized as part of Unix, i.e., those marked SD, CD], or FD (http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/help/codes.html) within the Unix/POSIX specifications
See also
References
Linux Commands (ls, cd, pwd, cp, mv, rm, mkdir, rmdir, touch, cat, less, head, tail, grep, find, chmod, chown, chgrp, tar, gzip, gunzip, df, du, ps, top, kill, man, ssh, scp, rsync, vim, nano, sed, awk, ping, ifconfig, netstat, route, traceroute, dig), Linux Fundamentals, Linux Inventor: Linus Torvalds says “Linux sucks | Linux just sucks less.”, Linux Best Practices - Linux Anti-Patterns, Linux kernel, Linux commands-Linux Shells-Linux CLI-GNU-Linux GUI-X11, Linux DevOps-Linux development-Linux system programming-Bash-zsh-Linux API, Linux package managers, Linux configuration management (Ansible on Linux, Chef on Linux, Puppet on Linux, PowerShell on Linux), Linux Distros (RHEL-Rocky Linux-CentOS (CentOS Stream)-Oracle Linux-Fedora, Ubuntu-Debian-Linux Mint-Raspberry Pi OS-Kali Linux-Tails, openSUSE - SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES), Arch Linux-Manjaro Linux, Alpine Linux-BusyBox - Slackware - Android-Chrome OS); UNIX-UNIX Distros (FreeBSD-OpenBSD, BSD, macOS), Linux networking, Linux storage, Linux secrets, Linux security (Linux IAM-LDAP-Linux Firewall-Linux Proxy), Linux docs, Linux GitHub, Linux Containers, Linux VM, Linux on AWS, Linux on Azure, Linux on GCP, Linux on Windows (WSL), Linux on IBM, Linux on Mainframe (Linux on IBM Z mainframe - Linux for System z - IBM LinuxONE), Embedded Linux, Linus IoT-Linux on Raspberry Pi, LinuxOps-Linux sysadmin, systemd-userland-kernel space-POSIX-SUS-Linux filesystem-Linux architecture, Linux books-UNIX books, Linux courses, Linux Foundation, Linux history, Linux philosophy, Linux adoption, Linux Glossary - Glossaire de Linux - French, Linux topics (navbar_linux and navbar_unix - see also navbar_fedora, navbar_rhel, navbar_centos, navbar_debian, navbar_ubuntu, navbar_linux_mint, navbar_freebsd, navbar_opensuse, navbar_manjaro, navbar_kali_linux, navbar_nixos, navbar_alpine_linux, navbar_tails_linux, navbar_slackware, navbar_rocky_linux, navbar_arch_linux, navbar_oracle_linux)
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