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• Functional Programming Language
• Languages That Support Functional
• Languages That Support FP
• Programming Languages That Support Functional Programming
• Programming Languages That Support FP
• Programming Languages That Support the Functional Paradigm
• Languages That Support the Functional Paradigm

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Functional programming (FP) is a programming paradigm that treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and avoids changing-state and mutable data. It emphasizes the application of functions, in contrast to the imperative programming paradigm, which emphasizes changes in state. Below is a summary of programming languages that support functional programming, along with their characteristics and examples.

Haskell is a statically typed, purely functional programming language with type inference and lazy evaluation. It emphasizes purity, immutability, and side effect management through monads. ```haskell fibs = 0 : 1 : zipWith (+) fibs (tail fibs) ``` For more, see the [Haskell Language Documentation](https://www.haskell.org/documentation/).

Erlang is designed for building concurrent, distributed, fault-tolerant systems. It uses a functional programming model to achieve high availability. ```erlang fact(0) → 1; fact(N) → N * fact(N-1). ``` Explore Erlang's capabilities at the [Erlang Documentation](https://www.erlang.org/docs).

Clojure is a dynamic, general-purpose programming language that combines the approachability and interactive development of a scripting language with an efficient and robust infrastructure for multithreaded programming. ```clojure (reduce + 0 (range 1 10)) ``` Learn more about Clojure at the [Clojure Documentation](https://clojure.org/documentation).

Scala is a modern, multi-paradigm programming language designed to express common programming patterns in a concise, elegant, and type-safe way. It smoothly integrates features of object-oriented and functional languages. ```scala val nums = List(1, 2, 3, 4) nums.map(_ * 2) ``` Discover Scala's functional programming features at the [Scala Documentation](https://docs.scala-lang.org/).

F# is a functional-first programming language that also supports imperative and object-oriented programming. It's designed to be a succinct, expressive, and efficient language for .NET. ```fsharp let rec factorial n = if n = 0 then 1 else n * factorial (n - 1) ``` Visit the [F# Documentation](https://fsharp.org/documentation/) for more information.

JavaScript, widely used for web development, supports functional programming styles, offering first-class functions, closures, and higher-order functions. ```javascript const doubled = [1, 2, 3].map(n ⇒ n * 2); ``` The [MDN Web Docs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) provide comprehensive JavaScript resources.

Python supports functional programming concepts like immutability, first-class functions, and higher-order functions, making it versatile for various programming paradigms. ```python list(map(lambda x: x * 2, [1, 2, 3])) ``` Learn about Python's functional programming aspects at the [Python Documentation](https://docs.python.org/3/).

Swift, Apple's programming language for iOS and macOS development, incorporates functional programming features such as first-class functions, closures, and a strong emphasis on immutability and value types. ```swift let doubled = [1, 2, 3].map { $0 * 2 } ``` The [Swift Documentation](https://swift.org/documentation/) details Swift's functional programming capabilities.

OCaml is a general-purpose programming language with an emphasis on expressiveness and safety. It supports functional, imperative, and object-oriented programming styles. ```ocaml let rec factorial n = if n = 0 then 1 else n * factorial (n - 1);; ``` OCaml's features are detailed in the [OCaml Documentation](https://ocaml.org/learn/documentation.html).

Elixir, built on the Erlang VM, is designed for building scalable and maintainable applications. It combines Erlang's ability to build concurrent, distributed, fault-tolerant applications with a syntax that is more approachable. ```elixir Enum.map([1, 2, 3], fn(x) → x * 2 end) ``` Explore Elixir through the [Elixir Documentation](https://elixir-lang.org/docs.html).

Lisp, one of the oldest high-level programming languages, has a profound influence on the development of functional programming. It features a unique syntax and supports symbolic expression manipulation, making it powerful for functional programming. ```lisp (mapcar (lambda (x) (* x

2)) '(1 2 3)) ``` Lisp's influence and capabilities can be studied in various resources, including the [Common Lisp Documentation](http://www.lispworks.com/documentation/common-lisp.html).

Racket is a descendant of Scheme, designed to be a platform for programming language design and implementation. It supports functional programming with first-class functions and lexical closures. ```racket (map (lambda (x) (* x 2)) '(1 2 3)) ``` The [Racket Documentation](https://docs.racket-lang.org/) offers insights into its functional programming model.

Elm is a functional programming language for declaratively creating web browser-based graphical user interfaces. It emphasizes simplicity, robustness, and performance. ```elm List.map (\x → x * 2) [1, 2, 3] ``` Learn more about Elm and its approach to functional web development at the [Elm Documentation](https://elm-lang.org/docs).

Functional programming offers a different approach to software development, focusing on pure functions and immutable data. The languages highlighted above provide various levels of support for functional programming, each bringing unique features to the table. Whether you're developing web applications, system software, or anything in between, adopting functional programming principles can lead to more predictable, reliable, and maintainable code. For a deeper dive into each language's functional programming capabilities, consult the official documentation linked throughout this summary.