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Return to History of Programming Languages, Birtwistle, 1979, Design and Evolution of C++, by Bjarne Stroustrup, Bibliography, D&E by Bjarne Stroustrup, C++ Books

“CPP was designed to provide Simula’s facilities for program organization (Dahl, 1970) together with C’s efficiency and C's flexibility for systems programming (Kernighan, 1978). Simula was the initial source of CPP’s abstraction mechanisms. The notion of CPP class (with CPP derived classes and CPP virtual functions) was borrowed from Simula. However, CPP templates and CPP exceptions came to CPP later with different sources of CPP inspiration.” (TrCppBS 2022)

Birtwistle, 1979 - Graham Birtwistle, Ole-Johan Dahl, Björn Myrhaug, and Kristen Nygaard: SIMULA BEGIN. Studentlitteratur, Lund, Sweden. 1979. ISBN 91-44-06212-5.

Snippet from Wikipedia: Simula

Simula is the name of two simulation programming languages, Simula I and Simula 67, developed in the 1960s at the Norwegian Computing Center in Oslo, by Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nygaard. Syntactically, it is an approximate superset of ALGOL 60,^: 1.3.1 and was also influenced by the design of Simscript.

Simula 67 introduced objects,^: 2, 5.3 classes,^{: 1.3.3, 2} inheritance and subclasses,^: 2.2.1 virtual procedures,^: 2.2.3 coroutines,^: 9.2 and discrete event simulation,^: 14.2 and featured garbage collection.^: 9.1 Other forms of subtyping (besides inheriting subclasses) were introduced in Simula derivatives.

Simula is considered the first object-oriented programming language. As its name suggests, the first Simula version by 1962 was designed for doing simulations; Simula 67 though was designed to be a general-purpose programming language and provided the framework for many of the features of object-oriented languages today.

Simula has been used in a wide range of applications such as simulating very-large-scale integration (VLSI) designs, process modeling, communication protocols, algorithms, and other applications such as typesetting, computer graphics, and education. The influence of Simula is often understated, and Simula-type objects are reimplemented in C++, Object Pascal, Java, C#, and many other languages. Computer scientists such as Bjarne Stroustrup, creator of C++, and James Gosling, creator of Java, have acknowledged Simula as a major influence.

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