Table of Contents
Sams Teach Yourself COBOL in 24 Hours Table of Contents
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Contents at a Glance
Introduction
Part I COBOL Program Basics
Part II File Handling
Part III Business Processing
Part IV Miscellaneous Functions
Part V Advanced Topics
Complete Table of Contents
Introduction
Who Should Read This Book
Special Elements of This Book
Q&A and Workshop
Conventions Used in This Book
Part 1 COBOL Program Basics
HOUR 1 Getting Started
COBOL Purpose and History
Business Data Processing
COBOL: The Language of Business
The Origin of COBOL
Grace Hopper
The COBOL Standard
Installing the Compiler
Required Hardware and Software
Using the Examples in This Book
How to Install the Fujitsu Compiler
Validating the Install
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
Hour 2 Writing Your First Program in COBOL
COBOL Program Layout
Identification Division
Environment Division
Data Division
Procedure Division
Creating a Simple COBOL Program
Compiling and Linking
When It Won't Compile
Debugging Your Program
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 3 Different Data Types
The Picture Clause
The Meaning of the Different Level Numbers
Numeric Fields
Decimal Values
Handling the Sign
The Usage Clause
Alphanumeric Fields
Literals
Numeric Edited Fields
Alphanumeric Edited Fields
Group and Elementary Level Items
Using Data Types in a Program
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 4 Basic User Interface
Interfacing with the User
Batch Versus Interactive Processing
The Screen Section
Elements of the Screen Section
Special-Names Paragraph
Using the Screen Section in a Program
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 5 Procedure Division
Procedure Division Organization
Paragraphs
Sections
Arithmetic Statements
The Add Statement
The Subtract Statement
The Multiply Statement
The Divide Statement
The Compute Statement
Simple Data Manipulation
The Move Statement
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 6 Manipulating Data
The Accept Statement
Accepting from the User
Accepting Data from the System
The Initialize Statement
The Inspect Statement
Reference Modification
Using What You Have Learned in a Program
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 7 Manipulating String Data
The String Statement
String Delimiters
The Unstring Statement
Unstring Delimiters
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 8 Conditional Statements
Conditional Statements in COBOL
The If Statement
The Else Clause
Using Complex Conditions
Nesting If Statements
88 Levels and the Set Statement
Using 88 Levels in an If Statement
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 9 The Evaluate Statement
When to Use Evaluate
Simple Evaluate Statements
More Complex Evaluate Usage
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 10 Processing Loops
The Basic Perform Statement
Sections and Paragraphs
Creating Processing Loops Using Perform
Use of Go To
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 11 Advanced Perform Statements
Perform with Varying
Testing Before or After
The Use of the Inline Perform
Nesting Perform Statements
The Inline If Statement and Perform
Using the Debugger
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 12 Tables
Defining a Table
Basic Table Handling
Populating a Table in Working-Storage
The Redefines Clause
The Search Statement
Multidimensional Tables
Variable-Length Tables
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
Part II File Handling
HOUR 13 Sequential Files
Connecting Your Program to a File
The Select Statement
The File Description
Opening the File
Closing the File
Writing to the File
Reading from the File
Updating the File
Variable-Length Records
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 14 Indexed Files
Defining the Indexed File
The Select Statement for Indexed Files
Creating an Indexed File from a Sequential File
Creating Indexed File Records from User Input
Other Methods of Handling File Errors
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 15 Reading Indexed File Records
Various Access Methods
Sequential Access
Random Access
Dynamic Access
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 16 Updating Indexed File Records
Opening for I-0
Writing Records
Rewriting Records
Deleting Records
Relative Files
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 17 Sorting
Sorting a File
The Using and Giving Clauses
Manipulating Data During the Sort
The Input Procedure
The Output Procedure
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
Part III Business Processing
HOUR 18 Master File Updating
Programming for Transaction Entry
Data Validation
Updating a Master File
Updating a Sequential Master File
Updating an Indexed Master File
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 19 Reporting
Creating Reports
Designing Your Report Layout
The Write Statement and Reports
Programming for Page Breaks
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 20 Advanced Reporting
Reporting with Control Breaks
Determining the Number and Hierarchy of Control Breaks
Subtotaling
Walking Through a Program with Control Breaks
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
Part IV Miscellaneous Functions
HOUR 21 Date Manipulation
Determining the Current System Date
The Current-Date Intrinsic Function
Days Between Dates
Determining the Day of the Week for a Particular Date
Validating Dates
Other Kinds of Dates
Fun with Dates
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 22 Other Intrinsic Functions
Mathematical Functions
Statistical Functions
Financial Functions
String Functions
Miscellaneous Functions
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
Part V Advanced Topics
HOUR 23 The Call Interface
Calling Other Programs
Simple Program Calling
Passing Data Between Programs
The Linkage Section
The Procedure Division of the Called Program
Call By Reference and By Content
Dynamic Versus Static Calls
Using Copybooks
Summary
Q&A
Workshop
HOUR 24 The Graphical User Interface
Different Methods of Achieving the Graphical User Interface
Using sp2 to Create a Graphical User Interface
Designing Your Panel
Modifying the Generated Program
The Future of COBOL
Summary
Appendix A Quiz Exercise Questions and Answers
Index
Fair Use Sources
COBOL Programming Language, COBOL Source File, COBOL .cbl File Extension, COBOL .cob File Extension, COBOL .cobol File Extension, COBOL Compiler, COBOL Compilation Unit, COBOL Run-time System, COBOL Environment Division, COBOL Identification Division, COBOL Procedure Division, COBOL Data Division, COBOL Configuration Section, COBOL Input-Output Section, COBOL File-Control Paragraph, COBOL I-O Control Paragraph, COBOL File Section, COBOL Working-Storage Section, COBOL Local-Storage Section, COBOL Linkage Section, COBOL Communication Section, COBOL Report Section, COBOL FD Entry (File Descriptor), COBOL SD Entry (Sort Descriptor), COBOL SELECT Statement, COBOL ASSIGN Clause, COBOL ORGANIZATION Clause, COBOL ACCESS MODE, COBOL SEQUENTIAL Access, COBOL RELATIVE Access, COBOL INDEXED Access, COBOL RECORD KEY Clause, COBOL ALTERNATE KEY Clause, COBOL DYNAMIC Access Mode, COBOL RANDOM Access Mode, COBOL KEY IS Clause, COBOL LINAGE Clause, COBOL BLOCK CONTAINS Clause, COBOL RECORD CONTAINS Clause, COBOL RECORDING MODE Clause, COBOL LABEL RECORDS Clause, COBOL CODE-SET Clause, COBOL FILE STATUS Clause, COBOL FD (File Description) Entry, COBOL FILE SECTION Variables, COBOL WORKING-STORAGE Variables, COBOL 01 Level Number, COBOL 77 Level Number, COBOL 66 Level Number, COBOL 88 Level Number (Condition Names), COBOL PIC Clause (Picture), COBOL USAGE Clause, COBOL DISPLAY Usage, COBOL COMP Usage, COBOL COMP-3 (Packed Decimal), COBOL COMP-1 (Floating Point) , COBOL COMP-2 (Floating Double) , COBOL COMP-4 Equivalent to COMP, COBOL COMP-5 (Native Binary) , COBOL SIGN SEPARATE Clause, COBOL SIGN TRAILING Clause, COBOL JUSTIFIED RIGHT Clause, COBOL SYNCHRONIZED Clause, COBOL OCCURS Clause, COBOL OCCURS DEPENDING ON Clause, COBOL REDEFINES Clause, COBOL RENAMES Clause, COBOL VALUE Clause, COBOL VALUE IS Clause, COBOL FILLER Keyword, COBOL ACCEPT Statement, COBOL DISPLAY Statement, COBOL MOVE Statement, COBOL ADD Statement, COBOL SUBTRACT Statement, COBOL MULTIPLY Statement, COBOL DIVIDE Statement, COBOL COMPUTE Statement, COBOL INITIALIZE Statement, COBOL STRING Statement, COBOL UNSTRING Statement, COBOL INSPECT Statement, COBOL PERFORM Statement, COBOL PERFORM UNTIL, COBOL PERFORM VARYING, COBOL PERFORM THRU, COBOL EXIT Statement, COBOL STOP RUN Statement, COBOL GOBACK Statement, COBOL EVALUATE Statement, COBOL WHEN Clause (EVALUATE), COBOL CONTINUE Statement, COBOL NEXT SENTENCE Statement, COBOL IF Statement, COBOL ELSE Clause, COBOL END-IF Statement, COBOL GO TO Statement, COBOL ALTER Statement (Obsolete), COBOL SORT Statement, COBOL MERGE Statement, COBOL RELEASE Statement (for SORT), COBOL RETURN Statement (for SORT), COBOL SEARCH Statement, COBOL SEARCH ALL (Binary Search), COBOL CALL Statement, COBOL CANCEL Statement, COBOL LINKAGE SECTION Variables, COBOL USING Clause (in Procedure Division), COBOL EXIT PROGRAM Statement, COBOL ENTRY Statement (Obsolete), COBOL COPY Statement, COBOL REPLACE Directive, COBOL EJECT Directive, COBOL SKIP Directive, COBOL SERVICE RELOAD (IBM Extension, COBOL INTRINSIC FUNCTIONS, COBOL FUNCTION Keyword, COBOL CURRENT-DATE Function, COBOL NUMVAL Function, COBOL NUMVAL-C Function, COBOL WHEN-COMPILED Function, COBOL RANDOM Function, COBOL REM Function, COBOL LENGTH Function, COBOL MAX Function, COBOL MIN Function, COBOL MOD Function, COBOL SUBSTRING Function, COBOL UPPER-CASE Function, COBOL LOWER-CASE Function, COBOL NATIONAL-OF Function, COBOL DISPLAY-OF Function, COBOL TEST Function (in some compilers, COBOL EXAMINE Statement (Old name of INSPECT), COBOL CLASS Condition, COBOL ALPHABETIC Class Condition, COBOL ALPHANUMERIC Class Condition, COBOL NUMERIC Class Condition, COBOL JUSTIFIED Clause (in PIC), COBOL SYNCHRONIZED Clause repeated, COBOL ON SIZE ERROR Clause, COBOL ON OVERFLOW Clause, COBOL ON EXCEPTION Clause, COBOL INVALID KEY Clause, COBOL END-ADD Statement (in COBOL 2002+, COBOL END-SUBTRACT Statement, COBOL END-MULTIPLY Statement, COBOL END-DIVIDE Statement, COBOL END-COMPUTE Statement, COBOL END-PERFORM Statement, COBOL END-READ Statement, COBOL END-WRITE Statement, COBOL END-REWRITE Statement, COBOL END-DELETE Statement, COBOL END-RETURN Statement, COBOL END-SEARCH Statement, COBOL END-IF repeated, COBOL END-STRING Statement, COBOL END-UNSTRING Statement, COBOL END-INSPECT Statement, COBOL END-ACCEPT Statement, COBOL END-DISPLAY Statement, COBOL In-Line PERFORM, COBOL Nested Programs, COBOL END PROGRAM Header, COBOL CALL BY CONTENT, COBOL CALL BY REFERENCE, COBOL CALL BY VALUE, COBOL INITIAL Program Attribute, COBOL RECURSIVE Program Attribute, COBOL EXPORT and IMPORT (Some compilers support, COBOL ENTRY POINTS in Program, COBOL Debugging Lines (D in col 7), COBOL Comment Lines (*) in col 7, COBOL Continuation Lines (- in col 7), COBOL Fixed Format Source Columns, COBOL Column 7 Indicators, COBOL Column 72 Limit, COBOL Free Format (COBOL 2002+) , COBOL *CONTROL Compiler Directive, COBOL *CBL Compiler Directive, COBOL $ SET Compiler Directive (IBM), COBOL ADV Compiler Option, COBOL SSRANGE Compiler Option, COBOL APOST Compiler Option, COBOL RENT Compiler Option, COBOL MAP Compiler Option, COBOL OPTIMIZE Compiler Option, COBOL NOOPTIMIZE Compiler Option, COBOL INSPECT TALLYING, COBOL INSPECT REPLACING, COBOL INSPECT CONVERTING, COBOL STRING DELIMITED BY, COBOL UNSTRING DELIMITED BY, COBOL POINTER IN STRING/UNSTRING, COBOL SUBScripting Arrays (OCCURS), COBOL OCCURS Depending On Variables, COBOL Table Handling, COBOL SEARCH VERB, COBOL SEARCH ALL VERB, COBOL SORT VERB, COBOL MERGE VERB, COBOL USE FOR DEBUGGING ON Statement, COBOL USE Global Declarative, COBOL DECLARATIVES Section, COBOL END DECLARATIVES, COBOL FILE STATUS Checking, COBOL EXTEND MODE for files, COBOL REWRITE Statement, COBOL DELETE Statement (for indexed files), COBOL START Statement (indexed file positioning), COBOL READ NEXT, COBOL READ PREVIOUS (not standard widely COBOL READ KEY Is Clause, COBOL WRITE FROM Clause, COBOL WRITE ADVANCING PAGE, COBOL WRITE AFTER ADVANCING LINES, COBOL WRITE BEFORE ADVANCING, COBOL Page-Controlled Reports (REPORT SECTION), COBOL Report Writer Feature (Obsolete in some implementations), COBOL RH, PH, PF, DE, etc. in REPORT)], [[COBOL SPECIAL-NAMES Paragraph, COBOL DECIMAL-POINT IS COMMA, COBOL CURRENCY SIGN Clause, COBOL CLASS Alphabet Name Definition, COBOL SYMBOLIC CHARACTERS, COBOL CRT STATUS Phrase (Old terminals), COBOL ADVANCING Control in WRITE, COBOL Nonnumeric Literals, COBOL Numeric Literals, COBOL PICTURE Clause (PIC), COBOL PIC 9 for digits, COBOL PIC X for alphanumeric, COBOL PIC A for alphabetic, COBOL PIC S for sign, COBOL PIC V for implied decimal, COBOL PIC P for scaling position, COBOL JUSTIFIED RIGHT Clause in PIC, COBOL BLANK WHEN ZERO Clause, COBOL ZERO SUPPRESSION, COBOL SIGN LEADING SEPARATE, COBOL SIGN TRAILING SEPARATE, COBOL USING in PROCEDURE DIVISION, COBOL GIVING/RETURNING in CALL, COBOL CANCEL Program, COBOL LINKAGE SECTION Parameters, COBOL EXTERNAL Name Clause, COBOL GLOBAL Clause for Data, COBOL COMMON Data, COBOL INITIAL Clause on Programs, COBOL IDENTIFICATION DIVISION PROGRAM-ID, COBOL AUTHOR Paragraph, COBOL INSTALLATION Paragraph, COBOL DATE-WRITTEN Paragraph, COBOL DATE-COMPILED Paragraph, COBOL SECURITY Paragraph, COBOL REMARKS Paragraph (Obsolete), COBOL Class Condition Checks, COBOL Condition-Names (88 Level), COBOL LEVEL 88 Definition, COBOL SET condition-name TO TRUE, COBOL SET condition-name TO FALSE, COBOL SET variable TO value, COBOL SET ... UP/DOWN BY value (for indexes), COBOL ACCEPT FROM DATE, COBOL ACCEPT FROM DAY, COBOL ACCEPT FROM DAY-OF-WEEK, COBOL ACCEPT FROM TIME, COBOL ACCEPT FROM COMMAND-LINE (Extension, COBOL ACCEPT FROM ENVIRONMENT (Extension, COBOL DISPLAY UPON], [COBOL DISPLAY WITH NO ADVANCING, COBOL READY TRACE (Obsolete Debug feature), COBOL USE AFTER ERROR Declarative, COBOL USE AFTER EXCEPTION Declarative, COBOL USE AFTER STANDARD Declarative, COBOL EXIT PARAGRAPH Statement, COBOL EXIT Perform CYCLE, COBOL EXIT Perform Loop
COBOL: Effective IBM Enterprise COBOL, Object-Oriented Programming for COBOL - Object-Oriented COBOL, COBOL Best Practices, COBOL FAQ, COBOL Standards (ISO COBOL-2023 - ISO/IEC 1989-2023 Standard), IBM Enterprise COBOL for z/OS, Deprecated / Defunct Micro Focus Visual COBOL - Visual COBOL - Managed COBOL from Micro Focus (JVM COBOL and dot NET COBOL | NET COBOL), COBOL Fundamentals, COBOL Inventor - COBOL Language Designer: 1959 by Howard Bromberg COBOL | Howard Bromberg, Norman Discount COBOL | Norman Discount, Vernon Reeves COBOL | Vernon Reeves, Jean E. Sammet, William Selden COBOL | William Selden, Gertrude Tierney COBOL | Gertrude Tierney, with indirect influence from Grace Hopper, CODASYL, ANSI COBOL, ISO/IEC COBOL; Modern COBOL - Legacy COBOL, IBM COBOL, COBOL keywords, COBOL data structures - COBOL algorithms, COBOL syntax, Visual COBOL, COBOL on Windows, COBOL on Linux, COBOL on UNIX, COBOL on macOS, Mainframe COBOL, IBM i COBOL, IBM Mainframe DevOps, COBOL Paradigms (Imperative COBOL, Procedural COBOL, Object-Oriented COBOL - COBOL OOP, Functional COBOL), COBOL syntax, COBOL installation, COBOL containerization, COBOL configuration, COBOL compilers, COBOL IDEs, COBOL development tools, COBOL DevOps - COBOL SRE, COBOL data science - COBOL DataOps, COBOL machine learning, COBOL deep learning, COBOL concurrency, COBOL history, COBOL bibliography, COBOL Glossary - Glossaire de COBOL - French, COBOL topics, COBOL courses, COBOL Standard Library, COBOL libraries, COBOL frameworks, COBOL research, Grace Hopper, COBOL GitHub, Written in COBOL, COBOL popularity, COBOL Awesome list, COBOL Versions. (navbar_cobol - see also navbar_mainframe, navbar_fortran)
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