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Return to CPP namespace - https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/namespace - https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/namespace - https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/namespace#Using-directives - https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/namespace_alias

• List 30 programming languages support the namespace Reserved Word. Answer in MediaWiki syntax with the URL of the official documentation for each language reference. Also list the Wikipedia URL if appropriate.

Creating a comprehensive list that covers 30 programming languages with a reserved word or concept equivalent to `namespace` is challenging because not all programming languages use namespaces or a direct equivalent concept with a reserved word. However, I'll list several languages that include `namespace` or a similar concept for organizing code and avoiding name collisions, along with their documentation and Wikipedia URLs where applicable.

• C++
  • Official Documentation: s://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/keyword/namespace
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2B

• C#
  • Official Documentation: s://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/fundamentals/types/namespaces
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)

• PHP
  • Official Documentation: s://www.php.net/manual/en/language.namespaces.php
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHP

• TypeScript
  • Official Documentation: s://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/namespaces.html
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TypeScript

• XML
  • Official Documentation: s://www.w3.org/TR/xml-names/
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML

• XAML
  • Official Documentation: s://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/desktop/wpf/xaml-services/namespaces
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extensible_Application_Markup_Language

• F#
  • Official Documentation: s://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/fsharp/language-reference/namespaces
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F_Sharp_(programming_language)

• Visual Basic .NET
  • Official Documentation: s://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/visual-basic/programming-guide/program-structure/namespaces
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Basic_.NET

• Swift
  • Documentation does not apply directly as Swift uses modules rather than namespaces. However, the concept of organizing code is similar.
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swift_(programming_language)

• Rust
  • Official Documentation: s://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch07-02-defining-modules-to-control-scope-and-privacy.html
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rust_(programming_language)

• Scala
  • Official Documentation: s://docs.scala-lang.org/tour/packages-and-imports.html
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scala_(programming_language)

• Java
  • Documentation for `package`, which serves a similar purpose.
  • Official Documentation: s://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/package/packages.html
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(programming_language)

• Python
  • Uses modules and packages as namespaces.
  • Official Documentation: s://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/modules.html
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)

• Go
  • Uses packages to organize code.
  • Official Documentation: s://golang.org/pkg/
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go_(programming_language)

• Kotlin
  • Uses packages similarly to Java.
  • Official Documentation: s://kotlinlang.org/docs/packages.html
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotlin_(programming_language)

• Ruby
  • Uses modules to namespace code.
  • Official Documentation: s://ruby-doc.org/core-2.7.0/Module.html
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)

• JavaScript
  • ES6 modules serve as namespaces.
  • Official Documentation: s://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Modules
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript

• Clojure
  • Uses namespaces in its code organization.
  • Official Documentation: s://clojure.org/reference/namespaces
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clojure

• Erlang
  • Uses modules, which can be seen as namespaces.
  • Official Documentation: ://erlang.org/doc/reference_manual/modules.html
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erlang_(programming_language)

• Haskell
  • Uses modules as namespaces.
  • Official Documentation: s://www.haskell.org/tutorial/modules.html
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haskell_(programming_language)

• Lua
  • Uses modules and packages.
  • Official Documentation: s://www.lua.org/pil/15.html
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lua_(programming_language)

• Perl
  • Uses packages to create namespaces.
  • Official Documentation: s://perldoc.perl.org/perlmod
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl

• Dart
  • Uses libraries as namespaces.
  • Official Documentation: s://dart.dev/guides/libraries/create-library-packages
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dart_(programming_language)

• Objective-C
  • Uses frameworks and header files to organize code, akin to namespaces.
  • Official Documentation: s://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/ProgrammingWithObjectiveC/Introduction/Introduction.html
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objective-C

• MATLAB
  • Uses packages to organize functions and classes into namespaces.
  • Official Documentation: s://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab_oop/scoping-classes-with-packages.html
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MATLAB

• Fortran
  • Uses modules, not directly namespaces but similar in concept for organizing code.
  • Official Documentation: s://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gfortran/Modules.html
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortran

• Pascal
  • Uses units as a way to organize code, similar to namespaces.
  • Official Documentation: s://www.freepascal.org/docs-html/ref/refsu13.html
  • Wikipedia URL: s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal_(programming_language)

```

This list includes languages that directly use a `namespace` keyword, as well as those that employ similar concepts to achieve the same goals of organizing code and preventing naming conflicts.

namespace - “Mechanism for putting names defined by a library into a single place. Namespaces help avoid inadvertent name clashes. The names defined by the C++ library are in the namespace std.” (CppPrmLp 2012)

Snippet from Wikipedia: Namespace

In computing, a namespace is a set of signs (names) that are used to identify and refer to objects of various kinds. A namespace ensures that all of a given set of objects have unique names so that they can be easily identified.

Namespaces are commonly structured as hierarchies to allow reuse of names in different contexts. As an analogy, consider a system of naming of people where each person has a given name, as well as a family name shared with their relatives. If the first names of family members are unique only within each family, then each person can be uniquely identified by the combination of first name and family name; there is only one Jane Doe, though there may be many Janes. Within the namespace of the Doe family, just "Jane" suffices to unambiguously designate this person, while within the "global" namespace of all people, the full name must be used.

Prominent examples for namespaces include file systems, which assign names to files. Some programming languages organize their variables and subroutines in namespaces.Computer networks and distributed systems assign names to resources, such as computers, printers, websites, and remote files. Operating systems can partition kernel resources by isolated namespaces to support virtualization containers.

Similarly, hierarchical file systems organize files in directories. Each directory is a separate namespace, so that the directories "letters" and "invoices" may both contain a file "to_jane".

In computer programming, namespaces are typically employed for the purpose of grouping symbols and identifiers around a particular functionality and to avoid name collisions between multiple identifiers that share the same name.

In networking, the Domain Name System organizes websites (and other resources) into hierarchical namespaces.

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