Java Record Classes
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“A record class (§8.10) is a class declared with abbreviated syntax that defines a simple aggregate of values.” (JvLngSpc17 2021, Chapter 8 - Classes)
- Snippet from Wikipedia: Record (computer science)
In computer science, a record (also called a structure, struct, or compound data) is a basic data structure. Records in a database or spreadsheet are usually called "rows".
A record is a collection of fields, possibly of different data types, typically in a fixed number and sequence. The fields of a record may also be called members, particularly in object-oriented programming; fields may also be called elements, though this risks confusion with the elements of a collection.
For example, a date could be stored as a record containing a numeric year field, a month field represented as a string, and a numeric day-of-month field. A personnel record might contain a name, a salary, and a rank. A Circle record might contain a center and a radius—in this instance, the center itself might be represented as a point record containing x and y coordinates.
Records are distinguished from arrays by the fact that their number of fields is determined in the definition of the record, and by the fact the records are a heterogenous data type; not all of the fields must contain the same type of data.
A record type is a data type that describes such values and variables. Most modern computer languages allow the programmer to define new record types. The definition includes specifying the data type of each field and an identifier (name or label) by which it can be accessed. In type theory, product types (with no field names) are generally preferred due to their simplicity, but proper record types are studied in languages such as System F-sub. Since type-theoretical records may contain first-class function-typed fields in addition to data, they can express many features of object-oriented programming.
Records can exist in any storage medium, including main memory and mass storage devices such as magnetic tapes or hard disks. Records are a fundamental component of most data structures, especially linked data structures. Many computer files are organized as arrays of logical records, often grouped into larger physical records or blocks for efficiency.
The parameters of a function or procedure can often be viewed as the fields of a record variable; and the arguments passed to that function can be viewed as a record value that gets assigned to that variable at the time of the call. Also, in the call stack that is often used to implement procedure calls, each entry is an activation record or call frame, containing the procedure parameters and local variables, the return address, and other internal fields.
An object in object-oriented language is essentially a record that contains procedures specialized to handle that record; and object types are an elaboration of record types. Indeed, in most object-oriented languages, records are just special cases of objects, and are known as plain old data structures (PODSs), to contrast with objects that use OO features.
A record can be viewed as the computer analog of a mathematical tuple, although a tuple may or may not be considered a record, and vice versa, depending on conventions and the specific programming language. In the same vein, a record type can be viewed as the computer language analog of the Cartesian product of two or more mathematical sets, or the implementation of an abstract product type in a specific language.
Classes in OOP: Class (computer programming), Abstract base class (ABC), Abstract class, Class body - Method body, Class browser, Class constructor (Canonical constructor, Compact canonical constructor, Normal canonical constructor, Constructor body, Default constructor, Explicit constructor invocation, Constructor modifier, Constructor overloading, Constructor signature - Method signature, Generic constructor, Constructor throw, Type of a constructor), Class declaration, Class definition, Enum class (Enum constant, Enum body declaration, Enum member), Class field (Field modifier, Static field, Transient field, Volatile field, Field initialization), Formal parameter, Class hiding (Method hiding by class methods), Class hierarchy, Class inheritance (Inheriting methods with Override-Equivalent signatures), Class initializer (Static initializer), Inner class, Class instance - Class instantiation (Class instance initializer - Preventing instantiation of a class), Class library, Class modifier, Final Class - Final method, Generic class (Generic Method - Type parameter), Class implementation file, Class invariant, Class member (Member class and interface declarations), Class methods (Method declaration, Method modifier, Native method, Method result, Method signature, synchronized method, Method throw), Nested class, Overloading (Class Overloading - Method Overloading, Constructor overloading), Overriding (Class overriding - Method overriding - Method overriding by instance methods - Method overriding by class methods, Requirements in overriding and hiding), Record class (Record components, Record constructor, Record constructor declaration, Record body declaration, Record member), Sealed class - Non-sealed class, Static method, strictfp class - strictfp method, Superclass and Subclass (Direct Subclass), Superinterface, C++ classes, C# classes, Java classes, JavaScript classes, Kotlin classes, Python classes, Ruby classes, Scala classes, TypeScript classes, Class topics. (navbar_classes – Don't confuse Course with Class here!)
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