Jakarta
See Jakarta EE
- Snippet from Wikipedia: Jakarta
Jakarta, officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta, is the de facto capital and largest city of Indonesia and an autonomous region with a status equivalent to that of a province. It is located on the northwest coast of Java, the world's most populous island, bordered by the province of West Java to the south and east and Banten to the west. Its coastline faces the Java Sea to the north, and it shares a maritime border with Lampung to the west.
Jakarta's metropolitan area has an estimated population of 41.9 million as of 2025, making it the most populated city in the world and therefore of Southeast Asia and largest urban area in Indonesia. Although Jakarta extends over only 661.23 square kilometres (255.30 square miles) and thus has the smallest area of any Indonesian province, its metropolitan area covers 7,076.31 square kilometres (2,732.18 square miles).
Jakarta is the economic, cultural, and political centre of Indonesia, and the ASEAN's second largest economy after Singapore. It ranks first among the Indonesian provinces in the human development index. Jakarta is an alpha world city according to the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Financial institutions such as the Bank of Indonesia, Indonesia Stock Exchange, and corporate headquarters of numerous Indonesian companies and multinational corporations are located in the city, as well as the ASEAN secretariat's seat.
Jakarta is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Southeast Asia. Established in the fourth century as Sunda Kelapa, the city became an important trading port for the Sunda Kingdom. At one time, it was the overseas administrative center of the Dutch East India Company, as well the Imperial Dutch capital of the Dutch East Indies, when it was known as Batavia. Jakarta was officially a city within West Java until 1960 when its official status was changed to a province with special capital region distinction. As a province, its government consists of five administrative cities and one administrative regency.
Jakarta's main challenges include rapid urban growth, ecological breakdown, air pollution, gridlocked traffic, congestion, and flooding due to subsidence and water extraction (sea level rise is relative, not absolute). Part of North Jakarta is sinking up to 17 centimetres (6.7 inches) annually; meanwhile, the southern part is relatively safe. This has made the northern part of the city more prone to flooding and one of the fastest-sinking capitals in the world. In response to these challenges, in August 2019, President Joko Widodo announced plans to move the capital from Jakarta to the planned city of Nusantara, in the province of East Kalimantan on the island of Borneo. The MPR approved the move on 18 January 2022. The Indonesian government is not abandoning Jakarta after announcing plans to move the country's capital, its planning minister said, pledging to spend US$40 billion, which is more than the cost to build Nusantara, to save the city in the next decade.