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COBOL for the 21st Century - COBOL Character Set and Reserved Words
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VI. APPENDIXES
A. COBOL Character Set and Reserved Words
Appendix A. COBOL Character Set and Reserved Words
See the COBOL Syntax Reference Guide that accompanies this book for full Instruction Formats.
COBOL CHARACTERS The following lists are in ascending order:
EBCDIC
ASCII
.
<
(
+
$
)
;
-
/
,
'
=
“
a–z
A–Z
0–9
space
less than
left parenthesis
plus symbol
asterisk, multiplication
right parenthesis
semicolon
hyphen, minus sign
slash, division
greater than
single quotation mark
quotation mark
”
$
'
(
)
+
,
-
.
/
0–9
;
<
=
A–Z
a–z
space
quotation mark
single quotation mark
left parenthesis
right parenthesis
asterisk, multiplication
plus symbol
hyphen, minus sign
slash, division
semicolon
less than
greater than
COBOL RESERVED WORDS Each COBOL compiler has a list of reserved words that:
Includes all entries in the ANS COBOL standard.
Includes additional entries not part of the standard but that are either VAX or IBM compiler extensions. These are called enhancements.
You may find that your computer has additional reserved words. Diagnostic messages will print if you are using a reserved word incorrectly.
Reserved words that are not relevant for COBOL 74 are denoted with a single asterisk (*). COBOL 74 reserved words that are not reserved in the new standard are denoted with a double asterisk (**). Words marked with a (V) are VAX COBOL 85 extensions. Words marked with an (I) are IBM COBOL 85 extensions.
ACTUAL (I)
AFTER
ALL
ALLOWING (V)
ALSO
AND
ANY *
APPLY (V)
ARE
AREA
AREAS
ASCENDING
AT
AUTOTERMINATE (V)
BASIS (I)
BATCH (V)
BEFORE
BEGINNING (V)/(I)
BELL (V)
BIT (V)/(I)
BITS (V)/(I)
BLINKING (V)
BOLD (V)
BOOLEAN (V)/(I)
BY
CANCEL
CBL (I)
CD
CF
CH
COM-REG (I)
COMMIT (V)/(I)
COMMON (V)
COMP-1 (V)/(I)
COMP-2 (V)/(I)
COMP-3 (V)/(I)
COMP-4 (V)/(I)
COMP-5 (V)
COMP-6 (V)
COMPUTATIONAL-1 (V)/(I)
COMPUTATIONAL-2 (V)/(I)
COMPUTATIONAL-3 (V)/(I)
COMPUTATIONAL-4 (V)/(I)
COMPUTATIONAL-5 (V)
COMPUTATIONAL-6 (V)
CONCURRENT (V)
CONFIGURATION
CONNECT (V)/(I)
CONSOLE (I)
CONTAIN (V)
CONTAINS
CONTENT *
CONTINUE *
CONVERSION (V)
CONVERTING *
CORR
CORRESPONDING
CURRENT (V)
DB (V)
DEBUG-SUB (V)
DB-UWA (V)
DE
DEBUG-CONTENTS
DEBUG-ITEM
DEBUG-LINE
DEBUG-SIZE (V)
DEBUG-SUB (V)
DEBUG-SUB-1
DEBUG-SUB-2
DEBUG-SUB-3
DEBUG-SUB-ITEM (V)
DEBUG-SUB-N (V)
DEBUGGING
DEFAULT
DELIMITED
DELIMITER
DEPENDING
DESCENDING
DESCRIPTOR (V)
DETAIL
DICTIONARY (V)
DISABLE
DISCONNECT
DISP (I)
DISPLAY-1 (I)
DISPLAY-6 (V)
DISPLAY-7 (V)
DISPLAY-9 (V)
DOES (V)
DUPLICATE
DUPLICATES
DYNAMIC
ECHO (V)
EGCS (I)
EGI
EJECT (I)
EMI
EMPTY
ENABLE
END-CONNECT (V)
END-DISCONNECT (V)
END-ERASE (V)
END-FETCH (V)
END-FIND (V)
END-FINISH (V)
END-FREE (V)
END-GET (V)
ENDING (V)/(I)
END-KEEP (V)
END-MULTIPLY *
END-OF-PAGE
END-RECEIVE *
END-RECONNECT (V)
END-ROLLBACK (V)
END-SUBTRACT *
ENTER
ENTRY (I)
EOP
ERASE
ESI
EVERY **
EXCEEDS (V)
EXCLUSIVE (V)
EXOR (V)
EXTEND
EXTERNAL *
FAILURE (V)
FALSE *
FETCH (V)
FINAL
FIND (V)
FINISH (V)
FOOTING
FOR
FREE (V)
FROM
GENERATE
GET (V)
GIVING
GLOBAL *
GO
GOBACK (I)
HEADING
ID (I)
IN
INCLUDING (V)
INDICATE
INITIAL
INITIALIZE *
INITIATE
INSERT (I)
INSTALLATION
INTO
INVALID
I-O
I-O-CONTROL
IS
JUST
JUSTIFIED
KANJI (I)
KEEP (V)
LAST
LD (V)
LEADING
LEAVE (I)
LINAGE
LINAGE-COUNTER
LINE
LINE-COUNTER
LINES
LINKAGE
LOCALLY
LOW-VALUE
LOW-VALUES
MATCH (V)
MATCHES (V)
MEMBER (V)
MEMBERSHIP (V)
MEMORY **
MERGE
MODULES **
MORE-LABELS (I)
MULTIPLE
MULTIPLY
NATIVE
NEXT
NO
NOMINAL (I)
NON-NULL (V)
NONE (I)
NOTE (I)
NULL (V)/(I)
NULLS (I)
OCCURS
OF
OFF
OFFSET (V)
OMITTED
ON
ONLY
OPTIONAL
OR
ORGANIZATION
OTHER *
OTHERS (V)
OVERFLOW
OWNER (V)
PACKED-DECIMAL
PADDING *
PAGE
PAGE-COUNTER
PARAGRAPH (I)
PASSWORD (I)
PF
PH
PIC
PICTURE
PLUS
POINTER
PRESENT (I)
PRINTING
PRIOR
PROCEED
PROGRAM-ID
PROTECTED
PURGE *
QUEUE
QUOTE
QUOTES
RD
READERS (V)
READY (V)/(I)
REALM
REALMS (V)
RECEIVE
RECONNECT
RECORDING (I)
REDEFINES
REEL
REFERENCE-MODIFIER (V)
REGARDLESS (V)
RELEASE
RELOAD (I)
REMAINDER
REMOVAL
RENAMES
REPLACE *
REPLACING
REPORTING
REREAD (I)
RERUN
RESET
RETAINING
RETRIEVAL
REWIND
REWRITE
RF
RH
RMS-STS (V)
RMS-STV (V)
ROLLBACK (V)
ROUNDED
SAME
SCREEN (V)
SD
SECURITY
SEGMENT
SEGMENT-LIMIT
SELECT
SEND
SENTENCE
SEPARATE
SEQUENTIAL
SERVICE (I)
SETS (V)
SHIFT-IN (I)
SHIFT-OUT (I)
SIZE
SKIP-1 (I)
SKIP-2 (I)
SKIP-3 (I)
SORT-MERGE
SPACE
SPACES
SPECIAL-NAMES
STANDARD-1
STANDARD-2 *
SUB-QUEUE-1
SUB-QUEUE-2
SUB-QUEUE-3
SUB-SCHEMA
SUBTRACT
SUCCESS (V)
SUPPRESS
SYMBOLIC
SYNCHRONIZED
TALLY (I)
TALLYING
TAPE
THAN
THEN *
THROUGH
THRU
TIMES
TITLE (I)
TO
TOP
TRAILING
TRUE *
UNDERLINED (V)
UNEQUAL
UNLOCK (V)
UNSTRING
UNTIL
UPDATERS (V)
UPON
VARYING
WHERE (V)
WITH
WITHIN
WORDS **
WRITE-ONLY (I)
WRITERS (V)
ZEROS
+
-
/
**
<
=
= *
⇐
FUNCTION NAMES INCLUDED IN THE EXTENSIONS TO COBOL 85 The following is the list of function names included in the extensions to COBOL 85:
ABS
ACOS
ASIN
ATAN
CHAR-NATIONAL
COS
DISPLAY-OF
EXCEPTION-LOCATION
EXP
FACTORIAL
FRACTION-PART
INTEGER-PART
LENGTH-AN
LOG
LOG10
MIDRANGE
MOD
NATIONAL-OF
NUMVAL-C
ORD
ORD-MAX
ORD-MIN
REM
SIN
NEW COBOL 2008 RESERVED WORDS The following is the list of reserved words already approved for the new standard:
B-AND
B-NOT
B-OR
B-XOR
CLASS-ID
CONFORMING
END-INVOKE
INTERFACE
INTERFACE-ID
INVARIANT
INVOKE
METHOD-ID
NATIONAL
NATIONAL-EDITED
OVERRIDE
PROPERTY
RAISE
REPOSITORY
RETURNING
REUSES
SELF
Fair [[Use]] [[Source]]s
Fair [[Use Sources]]:
COBOL Programming Language, COBOL Source File, COBOL .cbl File Extension, COBOL .cob File Extension, COBOL .cobol File Extension, COBOL Compiler, COBOL Compilation Unit, COBOL Run-time System, COBOL Environment Division, COBOL Identification Division, COBOL Procedure Division, COBOL Data Division, COBOL Configuration Section, COBOL Input-Output Section, COBOL File-Control Paragraph, COBOL I-O Control Paragraph, COBOL File Section, COBOL Working-Storage Section, COBOL Local-Storage Section, COBOL Linkage Section, COBOL Communication Section, COBOL Report Section, COBOL FD Entry (File Descriptor), COBOL SD Entry (Sort Descriptor), COBOL SELECT Statement, COBOL ASSIGN Clause, COBOL ORGANIZATION Clause, COBOL ACCESS MODE, COBOL SEQUENTIAL Access, COBOL RELATIVE Access, COBOL INDEXED Access, COBOL RECORD KEY Clause, COBOL ALTERNATE KEY Clause, COBOL DYNAMIC Access Mode, COBOL RANDOM Access Mode, COBOL KEY IS Clause, COBOL LINAGE Clause, COBOL BLOCK CONTAINS Clause, COBOL RECORD CONTAINS Clause, COBOL RECORDING MODE Clause, COBOL LABEL RECORDS Clause, COBOL CODE-SET Clause, COBOL FILE STATUS Clause, COBOL FD (File Description) Entry, COBOL FILE SECTION Variables, COBOL WORKING-STORAGE Variables, COBOL 01 Level Number, COBOL 77 Level Number, COBOL 66 Level Number, COBOL 88 Level Number (Condition Names), COBOL PIC Clause (Picture), COBOL USAGE Clause, COBOL DISPLAY Usage, COBOL COMP Usage, COBOL COMP-3 (Packed Decimal), COBOL COMP-1 (Floating Point) , COBOL COMP-2 (Floating Double) , COBOL COMP-4 Equivalent to COMP, COBOL COMP-5 (Native Binary) , COBOL SIGN SEPARATE Clause, COBOL SIGN TRAILING Clause, COBOL JUSTIFIED RIGHT Clause, COBOL SYNCHRONIZED Clause, COBOL OCCURS Clause, COBOL OCCURS DEPENDING ON Clause, COBOL REDEFINES Clause, COBOL RENAMES Clause, COBOL VALUE Clause, COBOL VALUE IS Clause, COBOL FILLER Keyword, COBOL ACCEPT Statement, COBOL DISPLAY Statement, COBOL MOVE Statement, COBOL ADD Statement, COBOL SUBTRACT Statement, COBOL MULTIPLY Statement, COBOL DIVIDE Statement, COBOL COMPUTE Statement, COBOL INITIALIZE Statement, COBOL STRING Statement, COBOL UNSTRING Statement, COBOL INSPECT Statement, COBOL PERFORM Statement, COBOL PERFORM UNTIL, COBOL PERFORM VARYING, COBOL PERFORM THRU, COBOL EXIT Statement, COBOL STOP RUN Statement, COBOL GOBACK Statement, COBOL EVALUATE Statement, COBOL WHEN Clause (EVALUATE), COBOL CONTINUE Statement, COBOL NEXT SENTENCE Statement, COBOL IF Statement, COBOL ELSE Clause, COBOL END-IF Statement, COBOL GO TO Statement, COBOL ALTER Statement (Obsolete), COBOL SORT Statement, COBOL MERGE Statement, COBOL RELEASE Statement (for SORT), COBOL RETURN Statement (for SORT), COBOL SEARCH Statement, COBOL SEARCH ALL (Binary Search), COBOL CALL Statement, COBOL CANCEL Statement, COBOL LINKAGE SECTION Variables, COBOL USING Clause (in Procedure Division), COBOL EXIT PROGRAM Statement, COBOL ENTRY Statement (Obsolete), COBOL COPY Statement, COBOL REPLACE Directive, COBOL EJECT Directive, COBOL SKIP Directive, COBOL SERVICE RELOAD (IBM Extension, COBOL INTRINSIC FUNCTIONS, COBOL FUNCTION Keyword, COBOL CURRENT-DATE Function, COBOL NUMVAL Function, COBOL NUMVAL-C Function, COBOL WHEN-COMPILED Function, COBOL RANDOM Function, COBOL REM Function, COBOL LENGTH Function, COBOL MAX Function, COBOL MIN Function, COBOL MOD Function, COBOL SUBSTRING Function, COBOL UPPER-CASE Function, COBOL LOWER-CASE Function, COBOL NATIONAL-OF Function, COBOL DISPLAY-OF Function, COBOL TEST Function (in some compilers, COBOL EXAMINE Statement (Old name of INSPECT), COBOL CLASS Condition, COBOL ALPHABETIC Class Condition, COBOL ALPHANUMERIC Class Condition, COBOL NUMERIC Class Condition, COBOL JUSTIFIED Clause (in PIC), COBOL SYNCHRONIZED Clause repeated, COBOL ON SIZE ERROR Clause, COBOL ON OVERFLOW Clause, COBOL ON EXCEPTION Clause, COBOL INVALID KEY Clause, COBOL END-ADD Statement (in COBOL 2002+, COBOL END-SUBTRACT Statement, COBOL END-MULTIPLY Statement, COBOL END-DIVIDE Statement, COBOL END-COMPUTE Statement, COBOL END-PERFORM Statement, COBOL END-READ Statement, COBOL END-WRITE Statement, COBOL END-REWRITE Statement, COBOL END-DELETE Statement, COBOL END-RETURN Statement, COBOL END-SEARCH Statement, COBOL END-IF repeated, COBOL END-STRING Statement, COBOL END-UNSTRING Statement, COBOL END-INSPECT Statement, COBOL END-ACCEPT Statement, COBOL END-DISPLAY Statement, COBOL In-Line PERFORM, COBOL Nested Programs, COBOL END PROGRAM Header, COBOL CALL BY CONTENT, COBOL CALL BY REFERENCE, COBOL CALL BY VALUE, COBOL INITIAL Program Attribute, COBOL RECURSIVE Program Attribute, COBOL EXPORT and IMPORT (Some compilers support, COBOL ENTRY POINTS in Program, COBOL Debugging Lines (D in col 7), COBOL Comment Lines (*) in col 7, COBOL Continuation Lines (- in col 7), COBOL Fixed Format Source Columns, COBOL Column 7 Indicators, COBOL Column 72 Limit, COBOL Free Format (COBOL 2002+) , COBOL *CONTROL Compiler Directive, COBOL *CBL Compiler Directive, COBOL $ SET Compiler Directive (IBM), COBOL ADV Compiler Option, COBOL SSRANGE Compiler Option, COBOL APOST Compiler Option, COBOL RENT Compiler Option, COBOL MAP Compiler Option, COBOL OPTIMIZE Compiler Option, COBOL NOOPTIMIZE Compiler Option, COBOL INSPECT TALLYING, COBOL INSPECT REPLACING, COBOL INSPECT CONVERTING, COBOL STRING DELIMITED BY, COBOL UNSTRING DELIMITED BY, COBOL POINTER IN STRING/UNSTRING, COBOL SUBScripting Arrays (OCCURS), COBOL OCCURS Depending On Variables, COBOL Table Handling, COBOL SEARCH VERB, COBOL SEARCH ALL VERB, COBOL SORT VERB, COBOL MERGE VERB, COBOL USE FOR DEBUGGING ON Statement, COBOL USE Global Declarative, COBOL DECLARATIVES Section, COBOL END DECLARATIVES, COBOL FILE STATUS Checking, COBOL EXTEND MODE for files, COBOL REWRITE Statement, COBOL DELETE Statement (for indexed files), COBOL START Statement (indexed file positioning), COBOL READ NEXT, COBOL READ PREVIOUS (not standard widely COBOL READ KEY Is Clause, COBOL WRITE FROM Clause, COBOL WRITE ADVANCING PAGE, COBOL WRITE AFTER ADVANCING LINES, COBOL WRITE BEFORE ADVANCING, COBOL Page-Controlled Reports (REPORT SECTION), COBOL Report Writer Feature (Obsolete in some implementations), COBOL RH, PH, PF, DE, etc. in REPORT)], [[COBOL SPECIAL-NAMES Paragraph, COBOL DECIMAL-POINT IS COMMA, COBOL CURRENCY SIGN Clause, COBOL CLASS Alphabet Name Definition, COBOL SYMBOLIC CHARACTERS, COBOL CRT STATUS Phrase (Old terminals), COBOL ADVANCING Control in WRITE, COBOL Nonnumeric Literals, COBOL Numeric Literals, COBOL PICTURE Clause (PIC), COBOL PIC 9 for digits, COBOL PIC X for alphanumeric, COBOL PIC A for alphabetic, COBOL PIC S for sign, COBOL PIC V for implied decimal, COBOL PIC P for scaling position, COBOL JUSTIFIED RIGHT Clause in PIC, COBOL BLANK WHEN ZERO Clause, COBOL ZERO SUPPRESSION, COBOL SIGN LEADING SEPARATE, COBOL SIGN TRAILING SEPARATE, COBOL USING in PROCEDURE DIVISION, COBOL GIVING/RETURNING in CALL, COBOL CANCEL Program, COBOL LINKAGE SECTION Parameters, COBOL EXTERNAL Name Clause, COBOL GLOBAL Clause for Data, COBOL COMMON Data, COBOL INITIAL Clause on Programs, COBOL IDENTIFICATION DIVISION PROGRAM-ID, COBOL AUTHOR Paragraph, COBOL INSTALLATION Paragraph, COBOL DATE-WRITTEN Paragraph, COBOL DATE-COMPILED Paragraph, COBOL SECURITY Paragraph, COBOL REMARKS Paragraph (Obsolete), COBOL Class Condition Checks, COBOL Condition-Names (88 Level), COBOL LEVEL 88 Definition, COBOL SET condition-name TO TRUE, COBOL SET condition-name TO FALSE, COBOL SET variable TO value, COBOL SET ... UP/DOWN BY value (for indexes), COBOL ACCEPT FROM DATE, COBOL ACCEPT FROM DAY, COBOL ACCEPT FROM DAY-OF-WEEK, COBOL ACCEPT FROM TIME, COBOL ACCEPT FROM COMMAND-LINE (Extension, COBOL ACCEPT FROM ENVIRONMENT (Extension, COBOL DISPLAY UPON], [COBOL DISPLAY WITH NO ADVANCING, COBOL READY TRACE (Obsolete Debug feature), COBOL USE AFTER ERROR Declarative, COBOL USE AFTER EXCEPTION Declarative, COBOL USE AFTER STANDARD Declarative, COBOL EXIT PARAGRAPH Statement, COBOL EXIT Perform CYCLE, COBOL EXIT Perform Loop
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