See: Encapsulation in Programming

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Encapsulation is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming (OOP) that refers to the bundling of data with the methods that operate on that data, or the restricting of direct access to some of an object's components. This concept helps in protecting the object's integrity by preventing the outside world from directly accessing its internal representation. The main goal of encapsulation is to hide the internal state of an object and require all interaction to be performed through an object's methods, providing a clear and defined interface for manipulating the object. This enhances both the modularity and maintainability of the code, allowing developers to change the internal implementation without affecting other parts of the codebase that rely on that object.

Snippet from Wikipedia: Encapsulation

Encapsulation may refer to:

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• Encapsulation (computer programming), the combination of program code and data, and/or restriction (hide) of access to data except through dedicated code
• Encapsulation (networking), the process of adding control information as it passes through the layered model (see e.g. OSI model)

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