A vector data format is a type of data structure used to represent geographic information in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and other spatial data applications. Vector data formats store spatial features as geometric primitives, such as points, lines, and polygons, along with attributes associated with each feature. These formats allow for precise representation of spatial features and support various operations such as spatial analysis, overlay, and querying. Examples of vector data formats include Shapefile, GeoJSON, KML (Keyhole Markup Language), GML (Geography Markup Language), and File Geodatabase. Vector data formats are commonly used for mapping, spatial analysis, and visualization tasks due to their flexibility, scalability, and interoperability across different GIS platforms and software applications.