Short description: Overview of and topical guide to databases
Database – organized collection of data, today typically in digital form. The data are typically organized to model relevant aspects of reality (for example, the availability of rooms in hotels), in a way that supports processes requiring this information (for example, finding a hotel with vacancies).
Active database – includes an event driven architecture (often in the form of ECA rules) which can respond to conditions both inside and outside the database.
Animation database – stores fragments of animations or human movements and which can be accessed, analyzed and queried to develop and assemble new animations.
Back-end database – accessed by users indirectly through an external application rather than by application programming stored within the database itself or by low level manipulation of the data (e.g. through
SQL commands).
Bibliographic database – database of bibliographic records, an organized digital collection of references to published literature, including journal and newspaper articles, conference proceedings, reports, government and legal publications, patents, books, etc.
Centralized database – database located and maintained in one location, unlike a distributed database.
Cloud database – runs on a cloud computing platform, such as Amazon EC2, GoGrid and Rackspace.
Collection database – collection catalog of a museum or archive implemented using a computerized database, in which the institution's objects or material are catalogued.
Collective Optimization Database – open repository to enable sharing of benchmarks, data sets and optimization cases from the community, provide web services and Plug-in (computing)|plugins to analyze optimization data and predict program transformations or better hardware designs for multi-objective optimizations based on statistical and machine learning techniques provided there is enough information collected in the repository from multiple users.
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Correlation database – database management system (DBMS) that is data model independent and designed to efficiently handle unplanned, ad hoc queries in an analytical system environment.
Current database – conventional database that stores data that is valid now.
Directory – repository or database of information which is optimized for reading, under the assumption that data updates are very rare compared to data reads. Commonly, a directory supports search and browsing in addition to simple lookups.
Distributed database – database in which storage devices are not all attached to a common CPU.
Document-oriented database – computer program designed for storing, retrieving, and managing document-oriented, or Semi-structured model|semi structured data, information.
EDA database – database specialized for the purpose of electronic design automation.
Endgame tablebase – computerized database that contains precalculated exhaustive analysis of a chess endgame position.
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Full-text database – database that contains the complete text of books, dissertations, journals, magazines, newspapers or other kinds of textual documents. Also called a “complete-text database”.
Government database – collects personal information for various reasons (mass surveillance, Schengen Information System in the European Union, social security, statistics, etc.).
Graph database – uses graph structures with nodes, edges, and properties to represent and store data.
Knowledge base – special kind of database for knowledge management. A knowledge base provides a means for information to be collected, organised, shared, searched and utilised.
Mobile database – can be connected to by a mobile computing device over a mobile network.
Navigational database – database in which objects (or records) in it are found primarily by following references from other objects.
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Online database – database accessible from a network, including from the Internet.
Operational database – accessed by an Operational System to carry out regular operations of an organization.
Parallel database – improves performance through parallelization of various operations, such as loading data, building indexes and evaluating queries.
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Real-time database – processing system designed to handle workloads whose state is constantly changing (Buchmann).
Relational database – collection of data items organized as a set of formally described tables from which data can be accessed easily.
Spatial database – database that is optimized to store and query data that is related to objects in space, including points, lines and polygons.
Temporal database – database with built-in time aspects, for example a temporal data model and a temporal version of Structured Query Language (SQL).
Time series database – a time series is an associative array of numbers indexed by a datetime or a datetime range. These time series are often called profiles or curves, depending upon the market. A time series of stock prices might be called a price curve, or a time series of energy consumption might be called a load profile. Despite the disparate naming, the operations performed on them are sufficiently common as to demand special database treatment.
Triplestore – purpose-built database for the storage and retrieval of triples, a triple being a data entity composed of subject-predicate-object, like “Bob is 35” or “Bob knows Fred”.
Very large database (VLDB) – contains an extremely high number of tuples (database rows), or occupies an extremely large physical filesystem storage space.
Virtual private database (VPD) – masks data in a larger database so that security allows only the use of apparently private data.
Vulnerability database – platform aimed at collecting, maintaining, and disseminating information about discovered vulnerabilities targeting real computer systems.
XLDB – Stands for “eXtremely Large Data Base”.
XML database – data stored in XML format, where it can be queried, exported and serialized into the desired format.
<!– Following are specific databases that need to be placed somewhere else.
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Oxford English Corpus – text corpus of English language used by the makers of the Oxford English Dictionary and by Oxford University Press's language research programme.
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RecordSetter – formerly known as the Universal Record Database (URDB), is a social media website containing a collection of world records created by the public and evaluated by staff and visitors to the site.
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<!– Following are DBMS' (not databases), and therefore need to be moved to another section:
Column-oriented DBMS – database management system (DBMS) that stores data tables as sections of columns of data rather than as rows of data, like most relational DBMSs. –>