Non-volatile storage refers to a type of storage medium that retains data even when power is turned off or lost. Unlike volatile storage, which loses its contents when power is removed, non-volatile storage maintains data integrity over extended periods without the need for continuous power supply. Non-volatile storage devices include hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), flash memory, optical discs, and magnetic tapes. These storage mediums are commonly used in computers, embedded systems, and electronic devices to store critical data, operating systems, and applications. Non-volatile storage plays a crucial role in data persistence, enabling the long-term storage and retrieval of information even in the absence of power. It is widely utilized in various computing environments, including servers, personal computers, smartphones, and IoT devices, to ensure data reliability and availability. s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-volatile_storage